血管修复材料的一维拉伸实验研究

目的：从生物力学的角度筛选适合进行血管修复的生物材料。方法：选择兔的深筋膜、腹膜，和去抗原处理的脱细胞颈动脉、冷冻干燥颈动脉和经过戊二醛处理的犬股动脉、腹膜等进行一维力学拉伸实验，以兔正常的颈动脉、静脉作为对照。结果：所有组材料的力学强度都明显大于静脉对照组，深筋膜和腹膜组又显著大于其他组；伸长率、伸长比、Lagrange张应变检测值以静脉对照组和脱细胞组最大，经过戊二醛处理组的最小；经过戊二醛处理的组织材料，滞后环变化小且不明显，伸展性降低，脆性增加，但对破坏载荷和Lagrange张应力影响不大。结论：脱细胞、冻干颈动脉的力学性质和粘弹性最接近于正常血管，正常深筋膜组次之，而经过戊二醛处理的组织材料，力学强度虽好，但粘弹性较差。

Unidimensional stretch experiment study on the bloodvessel rehabilitation materials

Objective To observe and select suitable blood rehabilitation materials according to their biomechanical properties. Method The unidimensional stretch experiments of such vessel materials are performed as normal carotid and jugular vein, decellularized arteries, freeze-dried carotid, deep fascia and peritoneum of rabbit, and glutaraldehyde-fixed femoral and peritoneum of dog. Results The biomechanical strength of all rehabilitation materials is much higher than normal ones, and of all materials, the deep fascia and peritonea are stronger than other ones. As for the extensibility, stretchy ratio, Lagrange tensile stress, the normal materials and the decellularized materials have the largest ones, and the gultaradehyde-fixed materials have the smallest ones. The gultaradehyde-fixed materials have low extendability, high friability and similar hysteresis loop, breaking load and Lagrange tensile stress. Conclusion The biomechanical properties and viscoelasticity of decellularized arteries and freeze-dried arteries are similar to that of normal vessel., and the deep fascia has lower ones. The gultaradehyde-fixed materials have high biomechanical strength and low viscoelasticity.