壳聚糖-明胶多孔复合支架构建自体组织工程化软骨组织的实验研究

目的探讨壳聚糖一明胶多孔复合支架作为软骨组织工程支架的可行性。方法消化分离猪耳廓软骨细胞,接种于自制壳聚糖一明胶多孔复合支架上培养1周,将细胞一生物支架复合物种植于猪自体腹外侧壁皮下,第10、16周取材,分别从大体、组织学、Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化和生物化学对再生软骨组织进行评价。结果HE染色见10周时有软骨组织形成,所形成的软骨组织见软骨细胞均匀分布,包埋在软骨陷窝内,还可见未降解的支架材料。16周时软骨组织完成成熟,软骨细胞包埋在软骨陷窝内,支架材料完全降解,结构与正常软骨组织相似。Masson’s trichrome染色见所形成的软骨组织间质中都有被染成绿色的胶原分布。Vehoeff染色见16周时形成的软骨间质内含大量被染成蓝黑色弹性纤维。免疫组化证实形成的软骨组织有Ⅱ型胶原分布,生物化学证实所形成的软骨组织的蛋白聚糖含量与正常猪耳软骨的含量接近。结论利用自制壳聚糖一明胶多孔复合支架上可在具有免疫功能的自体动物内形成软骨组织,但形成的软骨不充分,壳聚糖一明胶多孔复合支架有以作为软骨组织工程支架的应用前景。

The experimental study of tissue engineered autologous cartilage using chitosan-gelatin complex scaffolds

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether man-made porous chitosan-gelatin complex scaffold was a appropriate scaffold for tissue engineering cartilage. METHODS: Chondrocytes isolated from Changfeng crossbred swines' auricular cartilage were seeded onto chitosan- gelatin scaffolds to be cultured in a three dimensional environment. The chondrocyte- polymer constructs were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of the swines' abdomenal wall. Specimens were harvested and analyzed by gross observation, histology, type II collagen immunohistochemistry and biochemistry after 10 and 16 weeks in vivo respectively. RESULTS: H.E staining showed cartilage was formed, and chondrocytes were enclosed in lacuna with histological characteristics similar to natural cartilage. Some clusters of neocartilage surrounded by fibrous tissues were observed. Elastic fibres were observed in the mesenchyma of cartilage 16 weeks after by Vehoeff's staining. Immunohistochemical staining of the neocartilage with anti- type II collagen showed the presence of type II collagen in the ECM of tissue engineered cartilage. The proteoglycans content in tissue engineered cartilage was close to that of natural swine's auricular cartilage. CONCLUSION: The experiments demonstrated that using chitosan-gelatin complex scaffold we can generate autologous cartilage on animals with normal immune system. Porous chitosan- gelatin complex scaffolds may be a suitable scaffolds for tissue engineered cartilage.