Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation versus cardiopulmonary bypass during lung transplantation: a meta-analysis

Background

We reviewed the available literature on patients undergoing lung transplantation supported by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed in three databases, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analyses were used to compare the outcomes of ECMO and CPB procedures.

Results

Seven observational studies met the inclusion criteria incorporating 785 patients. ECMO support showed lower rate of primary graft dysfunction, bleeding, renal failure requiring dialysis, tracheostomy, intraoperative transfusions, intubation time, and hospital stay. Total support time was greater for the ECMO-supported group. No difference was reported between operative and ischemic time.

Conclusions

The present study indicates that the intraoperative use of ECMO is associated with increased efficacy and safety, regarding short-term outcomes, compared to CPB. Well-designed, randomized studies, comparing ECMO to CPB, are necessary to assess their clinical outcomes further.