Affiliation: | 1. Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA;2. Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Los Angeles, CA;3. Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Pasadena, CA;4. Department of Emergency Medicine, Downey Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Downey, CA;5. Department of Internal Medicine, Orange County Medical Centers, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Anaheim, CA;6. Department of Emergency Medicine and the Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI |