71株鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性及临床分布特征分析

目的 监测鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性和临床分布特征，为临床预防该菌所致感染提供依据。方法 用琼脂纸片扩散法(K-B法)测定鲍曼不动杆菌对14种抗生素的敏感性。结果 抗生素敏感性测试结果表明，大多数菌株显示出多重耐药性。临床分离的鲍曼不动杆菌对第三代头孢菌素、氨曲南、复方新诺明、环丙沙星、哌拉西林、氯霉素的耐药率较高，对头孢吡肟、亚胺培南和舒普深较敏感。本次研究发现，临床绝大部分科室均可分离到该菌，标本来源以呼吸道标本最为常见。结论 鲍曼不动杆菌是一种多重耐药菌，可普遍存在于医院环境中，体外药敏结果表明头孢吡肟、亚胺培南和舒普深具有较高的抗菌活性，可作为该菌感染的治疗药物。

Drug-resistance and Clinical Distribution of 71 Acinetobacter Bawnaii Isolates

Objective To provide the evidences for preventing the infections caused by this organism, distribution characters and resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii were monitored. Methods Susceptibility to 14 different antimicrobial agents was determined by Kirby-Bauer disk agar diffusion method. Results The susceptibility test showed a majority of clinical isolates were multiresistant strains. The incidences of resistance to the third-generation cephalosporins, ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, piperacillin and chloramphenicol were in a high level, most strains were susceptive to imipenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam and cefepime. In this study, we found this organism could be found in most wards and the majority came from sputum specimens. Conclusion Acinetobacter baumannii is prevalent in nosocomial environment and mostly revealed multi-resistance. The result of susceptibility test in vitro indicated imipenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam and cefepime have more activity than other antibiotics, so they could be used as the treatments against infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii.