青春期女性生殖健康状况研究

目的 了解和摸清青春前期女性生殖健康基本状况和相关因素,探讨青春前期女孩生殖健康的影响因素,以便为青春前期女性提供更好的生殖健康服务。方法 在全区随机抽取2所小学4、5、6年级10～12岁女姓中随机抽取300名正常健康的女姓作为调查对象;制定2份调查表．1份是基本情况部分由家长填写,另1份由生殖健康知识的知晓和应用情况及体格检查2部分,前部分由学生填写,体检部分由医生填写．所有资料录入计算机,采用SAS软件包进行统计分析。结果 300名女生中月经已来77人（占25．67％）．月经未来233人（占74．33％）;生殖健康知识的知晓方面：不知道“月经”是怎么一回事141人（占47％）,不知道“初潮”是怎么一回事207人（占69%）：在生殖健康知识的应用方面：女生好朋友栏没有男同学的186人（占62%）,不喜欢与男生一起温习功课的257人（占85．67%）,不喜欢与男生一起做游戏的212人（占70．67％）．不喜欢与男生一起逛街、看电影的292（占97．33％）;在生殖健康知识的影响因素方面：女孩子月经已来和未来对“月经”的知晓的影响有极显著性差异（P〈0．0001）,月经已来和未来月经初潮的知晓的影响也有极显著性差异（P〈0．0001）;女生家居城市或农村对生殖健康知识应用的影响有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。建议教师、保健工作者和家长都应该特别关心青春前期女孩子的心理活动和生理现象,着重加强对未来月经女生和农村女孩子青春前期的生殖健康知识教育,使她们拥有健康的人格和丰富的生理卫生知识,给他们一个宽松、民主、自由的生长环境,从而顺利渡过青春前期。

Status of Reproductive Health of Females in Puberty

Objective To know and find out the basic status of reproductive health of females in puberty and the correlative factors,and to explore the factors which influence their reproductive health in order to provide better service in reproductive health for the females in puberty.Method 300 healthy girls aged 10~12 from two schools in Dongxihu District who are in the fourth,fifth and sixth grade were drawn drawn to be investigated by using cluster sampling.Two questionnaires were made.One is on the basic information,which is filled in by the children's parents;the other includes two parts: the knowledge on reproductive health,which is filled in by the students,and the information on health examination,which is filled in by doctor.Data was input in computer and analyzed by SAS software.Results In the 300 girls there are 77(25.67%)who have menstrutation and there are 233(74.33%)who have not menstruation yet.141 girls(47%)don't know what is "menstruation",and 207 girls(69%)don't know what is "menarche".There are 186(62)who have no heterosexual friends.There are 257(85.67%)who don't like to go over the lesson with boys,there are 212(70.67%)who don't like to play with boys,and there are 292(97.33%)who don't like shopping and going to cinema with boys.There is significant difference in the understanding on "menstruation"between the girls who have menstruation and the ones who have no menstruation yet(P<0.0001),and there is also significant difference in the understandingon "menarche"between the girls who have menstruation and the ones who have not menstruation yet(P<0.0001).There is significant difference in the application of knowledge on reproductive health between the girls who live in the city and the ones who live in the country.Suggestions Teachers,personnel who provide health care and parents should pay more attention to their girls'mentality and physical state that are in preadolescent and strengthen the education on reproductive health to the girls who have not menstruation yet and those who live in the country,so that they have healthy personality and plenty of knowledge on physiological hygiene,and they have a loose,democratic and free environment for growth and accordingly get through the preadolescence successfully.