肺炎克雷伯菌生物膜相关研究进展

肺炎克雷伯菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)是临床常见的院内感染致病菌,常引起泌尿系统、呼吸系统以及血流感染等。近年来,肺炎克雷伯菌生物膜引起的慢性感染日益得到重视,对肺炎克雷伯菌生物膜的研究也越来越多。为了适应周围环境,肺炎克雷伯菌会形成生物膜(biofilm),这是一种相对于浮游细菌的生存方式,生物膜由细菌及其自身分泌的代谢产物(胞外多糖、蛋白质、胞外DNA、脂质等)组成。生物膜状态下的肺炎克雷伯菌耐药性极强,容易逃避机体的免疫攻击,难以彻底清除,使临床抗感染变得更加棘手。本文就生物膜形成过程、生物膜状态细菌的耐药机制、生物膜测定方法以及生物膜防治作简要综述。

The Progress in Research on Klebsiella Pneumoniae Biofilm

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogen of nosocomial infections in the clinic,often causing infections in urinary system,respiratory system and bloodstream.In recent years,chronic infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilms have received increasing attentions,and a large number of research has been conducted on Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilms.In order to adapt to the surrounding unfavorable environment,Klebsiella pneumoniae will form a biofilm,which is a type of living relative to planktonic bacteria.The biofilm consists of bacteria and its own secreted metabolites(extracellular polysaccharides,proteins,extracellular DNA,lipids,etc.).Klebsiella pneumoniae in the biofilm state is extremely resistant,and it is easy to escape from the immune attack of the body,which makes it difficult to be removed completely,making the clinical anti-infection more challenging.This article briefly reviews the biofilm formation process of Klebsiella pneumonia,the mechanism of drug resistance of bacteria in biofilm state,determination methods and prevention approaches of biofilm.