变应性鼻炎吸入物过敏原皮肤点刺试验结果分析

目的探讨过敏性鼻炎即变应性鼻炎即变应性鼻炎（AR）常见吸入物过敏原，为AR的特异性诊断、治疗和预防提供重要依据。方法应用北京新华联协和药业生产的过敏原点刺液，对156例AR患者实施18种吸入物过敏原皮肤点刺试验。结果单项吸入物过敏原阳性检出量共计504项次，其中，皮试阳性率最高的前8位过敏原依次是户尘螨、粉尘螨、室内尘土、荇草、大籽蒿、英国梧桐、蟑螂、豚草，其单项阳性检出量之和占吸入组过敏原总阳性检出量的90．2％。户尘螨阳性例数最多，阳性率80．8％；粉尘螨次之，阳性率78．2％；养麦壳阳性率最低，仅占1．3％。产黄青霉和圆柏花粉在本组患者中未检出阳性病例。尘螨过敏原皮试阳性率明显高于其它过敏原（x2检验，P〈0．01）。结论尘螨是AR最常见的过敏原，皮肤点刺试验（SPT）明确过敏原为AR特异性诊断、治疗和预防提供了有力证据。

Analysis of skin prick test of inhalant allergens in allergic rhinitis

Objective To evaluate the common inhaled allergens of allergic rhinitis （AR）and provide reference for clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Methods Skin prick test （SPT） with prick liquid produced by Beijing Xinhualian Xiehe Pharmaceutical Company were performed on 156 patients with allergic rhinitis. Each of them was examined with 18 kinds of prick liquid. Results It showed 504 positive results totally. The top 8 was house dust mite, dust mite, house dust, humulus scandens, artemisia sieversiana, platanus acerifolia, cockroach and ambrosia artemisiifolia, which took a percentage of 90.2%. Among them the house dust mites hold the top one with the positive rate of 80.8%. And the dust mite stand second with the positive rate of 78.2%. The buckwheat rank last with the positive rate of 1.3%. Produces penicillium chrysogenum and the sabina chinensis pollens were not detected. The positive rate of the dust mite is much higher than that of other allergens（P〈0.01）. Conclusion The mite is the most common allergen. Skin prick test which can definite the allergen provides strong evidence for the clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention of AR.