早期个体化吞咽功能康复训练对鼻咽癌放疗患者吞咽功能障碍的影响

目的探讨鼻咽癌放疗患者早期个体化吞咽功能训练康复对患者吞咽功能障碍康复的影响。方法对2011年6月-2012年10月在我院肿瘤科接受放射治疗的64例鼻咽癌患者的吞咽功能采用洼田饮水试验（Water Swallow Test WST）进行吞咽功能评估，然后随机分成对照组（30例）和实验组（34例），对照组采用鼻咽癌放疗常规护理加健康教育；实验组在对照组护理措施的基础上根据患者吞咽功能的评估结果，对可疑或有轻微吞咽困难的患者进行个体化早期吞咽功能康复训练和饮食指导，总结两组患者吞咽功能障碍治疗的有效率、吸入性肺炎的发生率。结果实验组吞咽功能障碍治疗有效率（79．41％）明显高于对照组（40．00％），P〈0．05；实验组吸入性肺炎的发生率（20．59％）明显低于对照组（56．67％）（P〈0．05）。结论对鼻咽癌放疗患者开展早期个体化吞咽功能康复训练能明显改善鼻咽癌放疗后吞咽困难患者的吞咽功能，减少吸入性肺炎的发生率，提高鼻咽癌放疗患者的生活质量。

EFFECT OF EARLY INDIVIDUAL SWALLOWING REHABILITATION TRAINING ON SWALLOWING DYSFUNCTION OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA PATIENTS AFTER RADIOTHERAPY

Objective To explore the effect of early individual swallowing rehabilitation training on swallo-wing dysfunction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after radiotherapy. Methods In 64 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were assessed swallowing function with Water Swallow Test after radiotherapy at Oncology depart- ment of our hospital from June 2011 to October 2012. The patients were randomly divided into control group and ex- perimental group. Patients in the control group received routine rehabilitation and health education after radiotherapy, patients in the experimental group with suspicious or mild dysphagia symptoms received additional individual swallo- wing function rehabilitation training and diet guidance. The treatment efficiency and the incidence of aspiration pneu-monia in the two groups of patients with swallowing dysfunction were calculated. Results The treatment efficiency in experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group（p 〈 0. 05） ; The aspiration pneumonia incidence in the experiment group was significantly lower than in the control group （p 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Early individual re-habilitation training of swallowing function can improve swallowing function of patients with dysphagia after radiothera-py of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia rate, improve the quality of life in pa-tients after nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy.