A meta-analysis of the relationship between symptom severity of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and executive function

Introduction: Some studies of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) find executive dysfunction, whereas others do not. We meta-analytically examined the association between executive function and PTSD and used meta-regression to examine the potential moderating effect of PTSD severity on executive function.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We identified published peer-reviewed articles containing measures of executive function and PTSD symptom severity in subjects with PTSD compared to trauma-unexposed controls or trauma-exposed controls without PTSD, or both. We calculated an effect size for each study containing at least one measure of executive function and PTSD symptom severity.

Results: PTSD subjects for whom the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) score was available had worse executive function compared to both trauma-unexposed controls (g?=?0.464, p?g?=?0.414, p?=?.001), as did PTSD subjects for whom the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD (M-PTSD) score was available (g?=?0.390, p?

Conclusions: PTSD is associated with executive dysfunction, but this association was not moderated by PTSD symptom severity, suggesting that once PTSD occurs, executive dysfunction may occur regardless of PTSD severity.