三峡库区湖北宜昌段1997-2012年蚊媒监测及变化趋势分析

目的掌握三峡库区宜昌段蚊类种群构成及密度的动态变化和季节消长规律。方法在固定的地点和时间,利用电动捕蚊器捕捉蚊虫,进行蚊类种群鉴定及分类计数。结果三峡库区宜昌段建设初期,人房和畜圈优势蚊种为致倦库蚊、骚扰阿蚊、淡色库蚊、中华按蚊交替出现,2005年及2007年后,人房和畜圈以骚扰阿蚊为主;人房成蚊密度低于畜圈;成蚊密度季节性消长呈双峰型,蚊密度高峰期在6月上旬和8月上旬。结论三峡库区宜昌段随着环境的改变,蚊密度和蚊种构成也发生了变化,提示要继续加强蚊类监测,为有效防制虫媒传染病的发生及流行提供决策依据。

Changes in species composition and densities of mosquitoes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Yichang, Hubei province, China during 1997-2012

Objective To investigate the changes and seasonal fluctuations in the species composition and densities of mosquitoes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Yichang, Hubei province, China. Methods Mosquitoes were captured by electric mosquito- catching trap at fixed times and places and were then identified and counted. Results In the early stage of the construction of Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Yichang, the dominant species of mosquitoes in human houses and livestock pens were Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Armigeres subalbatus, Cx. pipiens pallens, and Anopheles sinensis. The dominant species, however, has been At. subalbatus in human houses since 2005 and in livestock pens since 2007. The adult mosquito density was significantly lower in human houses than in livestock pens. The seasonal fluctuation in adult mosquito density was in a bimodal pattern, with density peaks in the first ten-days period of June and the first ten-days period of August. Conclusion With the environmental changes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Yiehang, the density and species composition of mosquitoes vary. Mosquito monitoring should be strengthened to provide the basis for decision-making basis for effective prevention and control of vector-borne diseases.