女大学生原发性痛经的流行病学现况调查及影响因素分析

目的 了解目前女大学生的月经状况,探索有效预防原发性痛经的针对性措施与策略,以便及时采取措施,提高女大学生生活质量.方法 采用自编调查问卷,对不同系别、不同专业的600名女大学生进行问卷调查.结果 女大学生原发性痛经发生率为69.78%.经单因素分析和多元Logistic回归模型分析发现：母亲有痛经史、月经来潮时有恐惧心理、有喝冷饮习惯等因素为原发性痛经的影响因素（P〈0.05）.女性痛经与年龄、经量等因素无明显关系（P〉0.05）.痛经者中医学生与非医学生比较,医学生与非医学生在喝冷饮习惯、吃早餐习惯、经期饮食、规律饮食等方面有差异因（P〈0.01）.痛经者中高年级与低年级学生情况比较,高年级与低年级学生在规律饮食、经期运动情况等方面有差异（P〈0.01）.结论 痛经者应该尽量避免喝凉茶、增加运动、生活要有规律、加强营养、减轻心理负担,可有效地减少或减轻痛经.要加强大学生健康教育的开设,加强学校对女大学生的青春期保健工作的开展.

Epidemiological investigation of primary dysmenorrhea of female college students and its influencing factors

Objective： To understand the present menstruation condition of girl students, and to explore specific meas- ures and strategies for effective prevention of primary dysmenorrhea, in order to take timely measures to improve university women students＇quality of life. Methods： Questionnaires were used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 600 female students of different specialties and different departments. Results ： The prevalence rate of primary dysmenorrhea in female college students was 69.78%. The single factor analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that factors like mother with dysmenorrhea history, dietary and fear in menstrual period were the influencing factors of primary dysmenorrhea （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Primary dysmenorrhea had little relation to age, menstrual quantity or other factors （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Medical students and non-medical students had some differences in drinking cold drink habits, having a breakfast habits, menstruation diet and regular eating （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Senior and junior students had some differences in getting regular meals and having sports during menstruation. Conclusion： Students with primary dysmenorrhea should avoid drinking herbal tea, increase exercise, live a regular, better nutrition, reduce psychological burden and these measures can effectively reduce or alleviate dysmenorrhea. We should strengthen health education for college students on adolescent health of female university students in schools.