Th1/Th2平衡调控对妇产科疾病影响的研究进展

近年来研究发现辅助性T细胞1型（Th1）/Th2的平衡调控与妇产科疾病的发生、发展、治疗和转归有密切的关系。Th1细胞调节细胞免疫，主要促进炎症反应和细胞毒性活动；Th2细胞调节体液免疫，主要刺激细胞的分化与增殖。Th1细胞通过合成γ干扰素（IFN-γ）抑制Th2细胞功能，Th2细胞通过合成白细胞介素4（IL-4）抑制Th1细胞的功能，二者相互作用、相互调节。正常妊娠情况下Th1/Th2细胞应答存在生理性失衡，母体Th2型细胞因子抑制Th1型细胞因子的产生，这种生理性失衡被破坏可导致复发性流产、早产、子痫前期及不孕症等妊娠相关疾病。而宫颈癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜异位症等妇科疾病与Th1/Th2平衡调控有关，但其确切免疫学机制尚不明确，尚需进一步深入研究，以期为多种妇产科疾病的免疫学治疗开辟新的前景。

Research Progress on the Effects of Th1/Th2 Balance Regulation on Gynecological and Obstetrical Diseases

Recent studies have found that the balance regulation of helper T cell type 1 (Th1) / Th2 is closely related to the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of pregnancy and gynecological diseases. Th1 cells regulate cellular immunity, mainly promoting inflammation and cytotoxic activities; Th2 cells regulate humoral immunity, mainly stimulating cell differentiation and proliferation, Th1 cells inhibit Th2 cells by synthesizing IFN-gamma, Th2 cells inhibit Th1 cells by synthesizing IL-4, and they interact and regulate each other. Th1/Th2 cell response is physiologically unbalanced in normal pregnancy, and maternal Th2 cytokines inhibit the production of Th1 cytokines. This physiological imbalance can lead to recurrent abortion, premature delivery, preeclampsia, infertility and other pregnancy-related diseases, and cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, endometriosis and other gynecological diseases related to Th1/Th2 balance regulation, but the exact immunological mechanism is still unclear. With a view to a variety of further studies, the immunological treatment of obstetrics and gynecology has opened up new prospects.