卵母细胞激活障碍的原因与对策

卵母细胞激活障碍（oocyte activation deficiency，OAD）是指精子进入卵母细胞后无法正确产生Ca2+振荡，从而无法解除对第二次减数分裂的阻滞、排出第二极体、释放皮质颗粒以及形成雌雄原核等对胚胎形成和发育至关重要的事件。造成OAD的原因既可能是由精子的异常导致，也可能是由卵母细胞本身的缺陷导致。卵母细胞辅助激活（assisted oocyte activation，AOA）或向卵母细胞内注射特定的重组蛋白rhPLCζ可以显著改善由OAD导致的胞浆内单精子注射（intracytoplasmic sperm injection，ICSI）后受精失败。归纳和综述OAD的各种原因及治疗手段。

Oocyte Activation Deficiency：Causes and Countermeasures

Oocyte activation deficiency (OAD) refers to the failure of the evoking calcium oscillations which orchestrates a series of key events, such as the resumption of meiosis, extrusion of polar body, exocytosis of cortical granules and the formation of pronuclei after the spermatozoon is engulfed by the oocyte cytoplasm. These events are essential for the following embryogenesis. Both the defect of sperm and oocyte may cause OAD. Assisted oocyte activation (AOA) and the recombinant protein recombinant human phospholipases C zeta (rhPLCζ) injected into oocyte can significantly improve the fertilization outcome of OAD oocyte undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In this paper, the causes and countermeasures of OAD were discussed.