父母对残障青少年性教育的态度和看法

目的：了解未婚残障青少年父母对残障青少年性教育的态度、看法和建议，为更好地向残障青少年提供相关教育提供依据。方法：在上海、北京和陕西农村地区对视力障碍、听力障碍、肢体障碍和智力障碍未婚青少年的父母进行个别深入访谈，共完成访谈31人，其中城市13人、农村18人。结果：城市父母对残障青少年的性与生殖健康问题有所关注，保护意识较强，对残障青少年性教育普遍持支持态度，对自我保护的教育认同度高，但对生殖与避孕、人工流产、性病等知识的提供较保守。仅约1/3（4/13）的城市父母对孩子进行过性教育，内容主要涉及青春期发育和保健以及自我保护。农村地区父母对孩子性与生殖健康方面关注很少，虽然大多数父母（13/18）也认为应该向残障青少年提供性教育，但却说不出应该教授的内容，自身更是极少对孩子进行性教育，有1/3（6/18）的农村父母明确表示不愿意提供。几乎所有城市父母（12/13）和多数农村父母（13/18）都支持学校性教育，认为学校性教育比家庭性教育好，但他们对残障孩子接受学校性教育的状况均欠了解，特别是农村父母。结论：城市和农村残障青少年父母对性教育的认识和提供状况等方面存在明显差异，农村父母的认识更保守，提供的性相关知识更有限。应提高残障青少年父母对家庭性教育重要性的认识，提升其家庭性教育能力。

Perception and Attitudes of Parents towards Sex Education for Disabled Children

Objective：To explore the perception and attitudes of parents towards sexuality education (SE) for adolescents with disabilities. Methods：A total of 31 parents with the disabled children were in-depth interviewed in the urban area of Shanghai and Beijing, and the rural area of Shanxi province. Results：Urban parents had some concern about sexual and reproductive health (SRH) problems among disabled children. All of them supported SE for their disabled children, especially education about self-protection. However, they were more conservative in providing knowledge on reproduction and contraception, induced abortion and sexually transmitted diseases. Only about 1/3 (4/13) of urban parents had ever provided information about puberty development, health care and self-protection to their disabled children. Rural parents had less concern about their children′s SRH than urban parents. Although most rural parents (13/18) also supported SE for the disabled children, they didn′t know what should be provided. Therefore, few of them had practically given SE to their children. Almost all urban parents (12/13) and majority of rural parents (13/18) support school SE, and considered that school SE should be better than family-based education. However, they knew a little about the status of school SE, especially rural parents. Conclusions：Rural parents were more conservative in SE, less likely to provide sexual knowledge, for their disabled children. It is necessary to improve the understanding of SE, and the ability of family-based SE, for those parents with disabled children.