外泌体在子宫内膜异位症发生发展及诊疗中的意义

外泌体是一种能够稳定存在于多种体液中的囊泡结构，参与许多细胞间的信息传递和信号调节，其携带的微小RNA（miRNA）和蛋白质等在很多病理生理过程中发挥重要作用，因与多种肿瘤等疾病的发生、发展密切相关受到广泛关注。子宫内膜异位症（EMs）是一种好发于育龄期妇女、具有侵袭性强、病变广泛和易复发等特点的疾病，外泌体作为重要的信号调节器与EMs的血管生成、异位子宫内膜细胞的增殖和迁移等有关，在EMs的发生发展、继发病变和恶变等过程中起重要作用，但具体机制尚不明确。现就外泌体在EMs发生发展中的作用进行综述，为EMs的早期诊断及治疗提供新思路。

The Significance of Exosomes in the Development,Diagnosis and Treatment of Endometriosis

Exosomes are vesicular structures that can stably exist in variety of body fluids，which can participate in transfering information and signal regulation among cells. The miRNAs and the proteins that they carry play an important role in many pathophysiological processes. It has received extensive attention due to its close relationship with the occurrence and development of many kinds of tumors and other diseases. Endometriosis is a disease that occurs in women of childbearing age, and has the characteristics of strong invasiveness, extensive pathological changes and easy recurrence. Exosomes, as an important signal regulators is involved in angiogenesis of endometriosis, proliferation and migration of ectopic endometrial cells, etc. It plays an important role in the occurrence and development of endometriosis, secondary lesions, and malignant transformation. However, the specific mechanism is not yet clear. This article reviews the role of exosomes in the development of endometriosis and provides new ideas for the early diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis