基于ISSR的野生和栽培的褐苞薯蓣遗传多样性分析

目的 研究广山药的来源植物褐苞薯蓣种质资源遗传多样性、亲缘关系,为褐苞薯蓣遗传差异的评定及优良种质资源的筛选提供分子水平的参考依据。方法 采用ISSR（简单序列重复区间）分子标记技术对不同居群褐苞薯蓣104份样品进行遗传多样性分析。结果 从150条引物中共筛选出9条引物,其中包含通用引物7条,自设引物2条;9条引物109个样品扩增出总条带106条,其中多态性条带为104条,多态性比率为98.11%,等位基因数（Na）为1.9811,有效等位基因（Ne）为1.6357,Nei??s基因多样性指数（h）为0.3675,Shannon??s信息指数（I）为0.5439,说明褐苞薯蓣整体遗传多样性水平较高;通过比较野生样品居群和栽培样品居群的Na值、Ne值、H值、I值,发现野生居群样品比栽培居群样品具有更高的遗传多样性。遗传距离和聚类分析结果表明遗传距离与地理距离具有一定的相关性;野生品和栽培品之间存在遗传差异。结论 ISSR分子标记方法能用于褐苞薯蓣种质资源的遗传多样性分析及遗传分化的分析,本研究结果能为褐苞薯蓣的相关分子生药学研究提供科学依据。

Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Dioscorea Chinensis in Wild and Cultivated Species Based on ISSR

Objective To study the genetic diversity and relationship of Dioscorea persimilis Prain et Burkill, the source plant of Guangshanyao and to provide a reference basis for the genetic differentiation of Dioscorea persimilis Prain et Burkill and the screening of superior resources at the molecular level.Methods 104 samples of Dioscorea persimilis Prain et Burkill from different populations were analyzed by ISSR molecular marker technique.Results A total of 9 primers were selected from 150 primers, including 7 common primers and 2 primers; 9 primers 109 samples were amplified with a total of 106 strips, of which 104 were polymorphic strips, 98.11% were polymorphisms, 1.9811 were alleles(Na), and 1.6811 were effective alleles(Ne). 1.6357, The Nei??s genetic diversity index(H) is 0.3675, and the Shannon??s information index(I) is 0.5439, indicating that the overall genetic diversity of Dioscorea persimilis Prain et Burkill was high; By comparing the Na value, Nee value, H value and I value of the wild sample population and the cultivation sample population, it was found that the wild population sample had higher genetic diversity than the cultivation group sample. The results of genetic distance and cluster analysis show that genetic distance and geographical distance have a certain correlation; At the same time, there are genetic differences between wild products and cultivated products.Conclusion ISSR molecular marker method can be used in genetic diversity analysis and genetic differentiation analysis of Dioscorea persimilis Prain et Burkill germplasm resources. The results of this study can provide scientific basis for molecular pharmacognosy research of Dioscorea persimilis Prain et Burkill.