气管及支气管裂伤的临床X线诊断

目的提高对气管支气管裂伤的临床及X线表现特征的认识，并评价X线检查在早期诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析16例经手术或纤支镜检查证实为气管支气管裂伤患者的临床及X线表现。结果16例气管支气管裂伤的患者均为外伤所致。临床主要表现为不同程度的胸痛11例、呼吸困难9例、紫绀6例、咳嗽8例、咯血5例；X线主要表现为气胸或液气胸13例、纵隔及颈胸部皮下广泛性气肿9例、支气管气柱截断征5例、肺萎缩或肺不张13例、肺萎缩或肺不张呈“肺坠落征”6例。结论密切结合临床和X线表现特点，对提高气管支气管裂伤的早期诊断准确率具有重要价值。

X-ray diagnosis of tracheobronchial laceration

Objective To improve the knowledge of the clinical X-ray features of tracheobronchial laceration and evaluate the application value of X-ray examination in the earlier diagnosis of tracheobronchial laceration. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical and radiological features of 16 patients with tracheobronchial laceration was performed. All patients received operation and bronchofiberscope. Results All tracheobronchial laceration in 16 patients were induced by trauma. The main clinical manifestations inclued varying degree of chest pain in 11 patients, dyspnea in 9 patients, cyanosis in 6 patients, cough in 8 patients, hemoptysis in 5 patients. The main radiographic findings of tracheobronchial laceration included pneumothorax or together with pleural effusion in 13 patients, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in 9 patients, interrupted tracheabronchial air column in 5 patients,lung atrophy or atelectasis in 13 patients ,lung atrophy or atelectasis showed ＂lung falling sign＂ in 6 patients. Conclusion The combination of clinical manifestation with X-ray findings has important value in improving the early diagnosis accuracy rate of the patients with tracheobronchial laceration.