深圳市中小学生超重与肥胖现况分析

目的了解广东省深圳市中小学生超重与肥胖现状, 为改善儿童青少年健康状况提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法选取深圳市42所学校的65 305名学生为研究对象, 测量学生身高、体重, 通过计算体质指数(BMI)筛查不同区划、年龄、性别、学段学生的超重与肥胖检出率。结果深圳市中小学生超重、肥胖检出率分别为13.29%、9.03%, 其中男生分别为15.97%、11.58%, 女生分别为9.90%、5.80%;小学生、初中生、高中生超重检出率分别为14.26%、13.33%、11.34%, 肥胖检出率分别为12.27%、6.78%、4.85%, 小学生最高, 初中生次之, 高中生最低;深圳关内学生超重、肥胖检出率分别为14.19%、10.15%, 关外学生超重、肥胖检出率分别为12.34%、7.85%, 关内高于关外;以上差异均存在统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论深圳市中小学生超重、肥胖问题不容忽视, 男生的超重与肥胖现象较为明显, 小学生的超重与肥胖问题较为突出。

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in Shenzhen city

ObjectiveTo examine the status of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in Shenzhen city and to provide references for improving health status of the children.MethodsTotally 65 305 students from primary,junior or senior high schools in Shenzhen city were selected with stratified cluster sampling method.Height and weight of the students were measured.Body mass index(BMI)was used to assess the status of overweight and obesity among the students in different living area,age,sex,and type of schools.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among the schoolchildren were 13.29% and 9.03%;the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the boys were 15.97% and 11.58% and those among the girls were 9.90% and 5.80%.The prevalence of overweight among the students from primary,junior,and senior high schools were 14.26%,13.33%,and 11.34%,and the prevalence of obesity were 12.27%,6.78%,and 4.85%,respectively.The prevalence of overweight and obesity were higher among the students in primary schools than those in junior high schools.The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the students in senior high schools were the lowest.The prevalence of overweight and obesity among students inside juncture schools were 14.19% and 10.15%,and those among the students outside juncture schools was 12.34% and 7.85%.The students from the schools inside the special economic zone had higher prevalence of overweight and obesity than those from the schools outside the zone.All the differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the students of different groups were statistically significant(P<0.01 for all).ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren,especially among school boys and primary schoolchildren,in Shenzhen city should be concerned.