NICU出院患儿母乳喂养现状及影响因素的前瞻性研究

目的通过前瞻性研究方法,调查滨州医学院附属医院NICU出院患儿4月龄母乳喂养现状及影响因素,指导加强母乳喂养措施,促进母婴健康。方法 1)分别选取629例NICU出院患儿为实验组和638例正常产科出院婴儿为对照组;2)收集可能影响婴儿母乳喂养的13个变量,采用单因素方差分析、χ2检验及多因素Logistic回归分析婴儿4月龄母乳喂养影响因素。结果经Logistic回归分析,有统计学意义的影响因素为出生胎龄(OR=0.848,P=0.000),出生体重(OR=0.394,P=0.000),住院费用(OR=3.100,P=0.000),住院天数(OR=1.245,P=0.000),是否维持泌乳指导(OR=0.054,P=0.000)。结论低出生胎龄,低出生体重,住院费用,住院天数,未进行维持泌乳指导是影响母乳喂养的高危因素,应引起医护人员及婴儿家长的重视。

A prospective study of breastfeeding situation and risk factors of infant discharged from NICU

Objective To investigate present breastfeeding situation and risk factors of infant discharged from NICU,and guide clinician and parents to improve infant's breastfeeding measures,promote maternal and child health. Methods A total of 629 cases were selected from NICU for experimental group and 638 cases were selected from normal maternity hospital as the control group.13 perinatal factors which may be associated with breastfeeding were collected.The factors were analyzed using ANOVA analysis,chi-square test and logistic regression. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the factors significanyly associated the breastfeeding of the infant discharged from NICU were gestational age birth (OR=0.848,P=0.848),birth weight (OR=0.394,P=0.394),hospitalization expenses (OR=3.1,P=0.000),hospitalization days (OR=1.245,P=1.245),whether maintain lactation guidance (OR=0.054,P=0.054). Conclusion Low birth gestational age,low birth weight,hospitalization expenses and hospitalization days,no maintain lactation guidance as high-risk factors affecting breastfeeding should cause the attention of clinician and the baby's parents.