新疆柯族和汉族学龄期儿童持续注意比较

目的对新疆柯族和汉族的学龄期儿童进行持续注意的比较研究,探讨两民族儿童注意发展的变化特征。方法在新疆克州乌恰县小学随机选取7~12岁柯族儿童197名,在常州市区的一所普通小学选取7~12岁汉族儿童199名。采用持续性操作测试任务(continuous performance test,CPT),分别记录被试儿童CPT的按键反应时间、漏报和虚报数。结果 1)两民族反应时间比较,各年龄组差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);2)两民族漏报数比较9~10岁组差异有统计学意义(P0.05);3)两民族虚报数比较9~11岁三组差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论柯族和汉族儿童在接受信息和处理事件时的反应速度较为一致,与民族、地区差异无关。柯族9~11岁儿童存在易冲动和冒险的特点,可能由于教育背景和环境的不同,使得他们在实验中采用不同的策略有关。在注意力的培养中,应加强引导正确的策略训练,促进他们的学习发展,从而缩短两地的文化学习的差异。

Comparative study of continuous attention in Xinjiang's Ke and Han nationality school-aged children

Objective To discuss Xinjiang's Ke and Han nationality school-aged children's characteristics of attention development by comparing their continuous attention. Methods A total of 197 Ke nationality children aged 7 to 12 in Wuqia primary school of Ke Country in Xinjiang, 199 Han nationality children aged 7 to 12 in Changzhou's primary school were randomly selected.Continuous Performance Test (CPT) was used to record children's reaction time, the number of omission and false. Results 1)Reaction time between the two nationalities had no significantly statistical differences among various age groups (P>0.05).2) The number of omission between the two nationalities had significantly statistical differences in 9 and 10 years old groups (P<0.05).3)The number of false between the two nationalities had significantly statistical differences in 9, 10 and 11 years old groups (P<0.05). Conclusions There has nothing to do with national and regional differences in receiving information and handling events' reactional velocity while Ke and Han nationalities' children are more uniform.The children of 9, 10 and 11 years old in Ke nationality had obvious characteristics about impulsive and adventure.It allows them to adopt different strategies in the experiment probably because of the different education background and environment.In order to shorten the cultural learning differences between the two places, guiding the right strategy training should be strengthed and promote the development of their learning during cultivating attention.