郑州市5岁以下儿童死因分析

目的：掌握郑州市5岁以下儿童死亡现状，探索有效干预措施。方法：对2000年至2003年郑州市各级医疗保健机构中5岁以下儿童死亡病例报告卡进行汇总、整理并输入计算机，运用SPSS11．5版软件进行统计处理。结果：5岁以下儿童死亡3598例，死亡率为1．667％；其中新生儿死亡2393人，死亡率为1．109％；婴儿死亡3099例，死亡率1．436％。新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡的77．23％，婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的86．14％。2003年较2000年5岁以下儿童死亡率下降了22．82％。5岁以下儿童主要死因顺位依次为：出生窒息、早产和低出生体重、肺炎、意外窒息和先天性心脏病。结论：控制5岁以下儿童死亡主要在于控制新生儿死亡，应采取的主要措施是提高产科和儿科诊疗能力，预防出生窒息、肺炎等的发生。

Analysis of causes of death in children under 5 years old in Zhengzhou

Aim: To investigate the cause of the death and study the effective measures of decreasing mortality in children under 5 years of age.Methods: The data of death children under 5 years old from 2000~2003 in Zhengzhou was statistically analyzed.Results:The fatality number and rate of the children under 5 years old were 3 598 and 1.667%,respectively;the fatality number and rate of the neonates were 2 393 and 1.109%;the fatality number and rate of the infants were 3 099 and 1.436%,respectively.The died neonate accounted for 77.23% of died infant,the died infant accounted for 86.14% among died children under 5 years old.The fatality rate of children under 5 years old in 2003 has sharply dropped by 22.82%.The first five causes of death under 5 years old were birth asphyxia,premature infant or infant with low birth weight,pneumonia,accidental asphyxia and congenital heart disease. Conclusion: The died neonate accounted for 66.5% among died children under 5 years old.Reducing the mortality rate of neonate was the key step to decrease the mortality of children under 5 years old .The effective measures should be taken in order to change the status.