新型纳米材料在干眼中的应用进展

局部点药是眼部用药最常见的方式,但一般药物通过角膜困难,药物生物利用度低.纳米载体药物于80年代开始用于眼部,脂质体和类脂质囊泡(niosomes)与眼表的黏蛋白相互作用,延长药物在眼表的停留时间.纳米乳剂(nanoemulsion)的表面活性剂可以松解角膜上皮细胞紧密连接,形成转运开口,抑制细胞表面糖蛋白酶P(gly...

Progress in the application of new nanomaterials in dry eye

Topical administration is the most common method of ocular medication,but it is generally difficult for the drug to pass through the cornea,and the bioavailability of the drug is low.Nanocarrier drugs were used in eyes in the 1980s,and liposomes and lipoids vesicles(Niosomes)interacted with ocular surface mucins to prolong the residence time of the drug on the ocular surface.Nanoemulsion surfactants can release the tight junctions of corneal epithelial cells,form transport openings,and inhibit the degradation of pharmaceutically active proteins by cell surface glycoprotein P(Pgp).Nanoparticles pass through the corneal and conjunctival epithelium without causing toxicity.Nanocapsules internalize deeper into the corneal epithelium(at 50μm).Polymeric micelles self-assemble into core-shell nanocarriers to enhance the ability of drugs to penetrate the cornea.Anionic highgeneration poly-amidoamine(PAMAM)dendrimers enhance drug permeability.Neutral and cationic lowgeneration dendrimers mediate higher drug permeability through clathrin pathway.Nanocrystal,in addition to enhancing drug solubility and dissolution rate,its high adhesion ability helps drug retention and penetration into ocular tissues.Nanostructured materials are closely related to dry eye and provide a choice for the treatment and diagnosis of dry eye.