孕早期医学营养治疗对妊娠期糖尿病患者孕期血糖、体重、母儿结局及遵医行为的影响

目的 观察对妊娠期糖尿病(gestationaldiabetesmellitus,GDM)孕妇孕早期实施个体化医学营养治疗(medi-calnutritiontherapy,MNT)对其孕期血糖、体重及妊娠结局的影响.方法 2018年1-12月在衢州市妇幼保健院产科共纳入建档行定期孕检的孕早期(孕3个月)GDM孕妇10...

Effect of early pregnancy medical nutrition therapy on blood glucose,weight control,maternal and infant outcomes and medical compliance in gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of medical nutrition therapy(MNT)on blood glucose,body weight and pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 100 cases of pregnant women with GDM in the first trimester of pregnancy(3 months of pregnancy),who were admitted in our hospital obstetrics department from January to December 2018 for clinical observation,were included in this study.On the basis of the random number table method,the patients were divided into two groups,50 cases in each group.The control group received routine pregnancy examination,diet guidance and blood glucose control during pregnancy,whereas the observation group received individualised MNT regimen on the basis of routine pregnancy examination.Weight gain during pregnancy(total weight gain,the proportion of abnormal weight gain),blood glucose control results(fasting blood glucose,2 h blood glucose after breakfast,lunch and dinner,glycosylated haemoglobin),compliance rate(strict diet control,regular blood glucose monitoring,reasonable aerobic exercise and weight control)and the incidence of pregnancy complications related to glucose metabolism(gestational hypertension,dyslipidaemia during pregnancy and delivery of giant newborns)were compared between the two groups.Results After 3 months of intervention,the results of blood glucose control in the observation group were better than those in the control group,with significant difference between the two groups(all P>0.05).The total weight gain and abnormal weight gain ratio in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The improvement of compliance rate with strict control of diet and regular monitoring of blood sugar in the control group(70.0%,76.0%)was better than that in the observation group(86.0%,90.0%;all P>0.05).The improvement of compliance rate with reasonable aerobic exercise and weight control in the observation group(88.0%,84.0%)was better than that in the control group(70.0%,66.0%;all P<0.05).The incidence of abnormal blood lipid in the delivery group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Individualised MNT in early pregnancy can change the compliance rate of women with GDM,control weight gain during pregnancy and reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Therefore,MNT in early pregnancy has potential clinical application.