大学生心理资本与手机成瘾:压力知觉、负性情绪的中介作用和社会支持的调节作用

目的探讨大学生心理资本、压力知觉、负性情绪、社会支持与手机成瘾行为之间的关系及内在作用机制。方法采用手机成瘾指数量表、积极心理资本问卷、压力知觉量表、正性负性情绪量表、领悟社会支持量表对836名在校大学生进行问卷调查,通过SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析,使用SPSS-PROCESS进行中介效应、调节效应分析。结果(1)在本研究中大学生心理资本得分为(123.38±17.96)分,压力知觉得分为(38.76±6.39)分,负性情绪得分为(22.46±6.45)分,社会支持得分为(63.36±12.40)分,手机成瘾得分为(39.31±10.01)分。心理资本与压力知觉、负性情绪和手机成瘾呈负相关(r=-0.66,-0.37,-0.28,均P<0.01)。压力知觉与负性情绪和手机成瘾呈正相关(r=0.50,0.38,均P<0.01)。社会支持与心理资本呈正相关(r=0.50,P<0.01),与压力知觉、负性情绪、手机成瘾呈负相关(r=-0.41,-0.30,-0.12,均P<0.01)。(2)心理资本一方面通过压力知觉的中介作用对手机成瘾产生影响(β=-0.20,SE=0.03,95%CI:-0.27~-0.13);另一方面心理资本通过压力知觉与负性情绪的链式中介作用对手机成瘾产生影响(β=-0.04,SE=0.01,95%CI:-0.06~-0.01)。社会支持调节心理资本影响压力知觉的中介效应。结论压力知觉和负性情绪是心理资本与手机成瘾关系的重要桥梁,社会支持能够调节心理资本对压力知觉的作用。

The relationship between mobile phone addiction and psychological capital among college students:mediating role of perceived stress and negative emotion and moderating role of social support

Objective To explore the relationship between mobile phone addiction and perceived stress,negative emotion,social support and psychological capital in college students,especially to clarify the internal mechanism of these variables.Methods A total of 836 college students were investigated with mobile phone addiction index scale,positive psychological capital questionnaire,stress perception scale,positive and negative emotion scale and perceived social support scale.SPSS 22.0 software was used for correlation analysis and SPSS-PROCESS was used to analyze the mediating effect and moderating effect.Results(1)The scores of psychological capital and perceived stress were(123.38±17.96)and(38.76±6.39)respectively,and the scores of negative emotion,social support and mobile phone addiction were(22.46±6.45),(63.36±12.40)and(39.31±10.01)respectively.Psychological capital was negatively correlated with perceived stress,negative emotion and mobile phone addiction(r=-0.66,-0.37,-0.28,all P<0.01).Perceived stress was positively correlated with negative emotion and mobile phone addiction(r=0.50,0.38,both P<0.01).Social support was positively correlated with psychological capital(r=0.50,P<0.01),while negatively correlated with perceived stress,negative emotion and mobile phone addiction(r=-0.41,-0.30,-0.12,all P<0.01).(2)Psychological capital influenced mobile phone addiction by the mediating effect of perceived stress(β=-0.20,SE=0.03,95%CI:-0.27--0.13).In addition,psychological capital influenced mobile phone addiction through the chain mediating effect of perceived stress and negative emotion(β=-0.04,SE=0.01,95%CI:-0.06--0.01).Moreover,the mediating effect of psychological capital on stress perception was moderated by social support.Conclusion Perceived stress and negative emotion are important mediations between psychological capital and mobile phone addiction.Social support can moderate the effect of psychological capital on perceived stress.