Ⅱ型糖尿病患者红细胞的醛糖还原酶活性与细胞损伤

应用荧光法测定了15例无并发症的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者红细胞内醛糖还原酶的活性,患者的酶活性明显高于正常对照。同时用气相色谱法测量了红细胞内糖醇的浓度,患者的山梨醇和果糖的浓度明显高于对照,而两者的肌醇浓度差异无显著性。患者全血还原型谷胱甘肽和氧化型谷胱甘肽的浓度明显低于正常对照。实验结果提示:醛糖还原酶的激活加速了多元醇代谢途径,但山梨醇在细胞内的蓄积加速它向果糖转化,从而缓解山梨醇的堆积和细胞损伤。

ACTIVITY OF ALDOSE REDUCTASE IN ERYTHROCYTES OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS AND CELLULAR DAMAGE

The activity of aldose reductase in the erythrocytes of 15 patients with type II diabetes mellitus with no complication was determined by fluorometric method. The aldose reductase activity of the erythrocytes in the patients was significantly higher than that in the controls. The concentrations of some sugar and polyol in the erythrocytes by gas chroma-tography was determined. The concentrations of sorbitol and fructose in the patients were significantly higher than those in the controls, while the concentration of myo-inositol in the erythrocytes of the patients was similar to that of the controls. The concentrations of reduced and oxidized glutathione in the blood of the patients were significantly lower than those of the controls. The results showed that the activation of aldose reductase accelerates polyol pathway, but accumulation of sorbitol makes it change into fructose more fast. This procedure reduces the sorbitol concentration in cells and limits the cellular damage.