30例酒依赖患者的人格特征及治疗干预

目的:探讨酒依赖患者人格特征及相应的干预措施。方法:对30例酒依赖患者(实验组)和30例正常者(对照组),采用中国科学院心理研究所宋维真教授主持修订的调查表问卷(MMPI)进行调查比较,探讨酒依赖形成的原因,并根据其不同人格特点进行治疗。结果:实验组的诈分量表、效正量表分与对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.01),10个临床子量表中,有5项,即精神衰弱、心理变态、偏执、精神分裂、轻躁症分值均高于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.01);疑病、社会内向亦有明显差异(P<0.05)。30例患者中有3例图像呈86/68、78/87两点高分组合,3例图像呈Pa图像,符合分裂症样偏执症状为主的反应;4例量表Ma高分呈轻躁狂样反应;6例量表Hs、Pt高分,呈神经症样反应;7例呈46/64两点高分组合和Pd高分,符合人格障碍样反应。不同形式的治疗干预促进了患者的康复。结论:酒依赖患者有明显的人格障碍,并具有比较广泛而多样的特征,心理状况明显偏离于正常人。给予恰当的干预措施,对酒依赖患者早日康复有良好的促进作用。

PERSONALITY TRAITS OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENT PATIENTS AND RELEVANT INTEVENTIONS

Objective:To explore the personality trait of alcohol dependent patients and relevant interventions.Methods:Thirty alcohol dependent patients(Experiment group,EG)and 30 healthy adults(Control group,CG)were tested with Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI)for their personality trait scores,which were investigated and compared between EG and CG.Then explore the cause of alcohol dependence and determine treatment methods according to different personality traits.Results:There were significant differences in cheating score and correcting score between EG and CG(P<0.01).The scores of psychasthenia,metaphrenia,paranoid,schizophrenic,and hypomanic of EG were higher than those of CG(P<0.01).The scores of hysteria and social withdrawal of EG and CG also differed significantly(P<0.05).The figure of 3 patients in EG demonstrated a high-score combination in the point 86/68 and 78/87,3 demonstrated a Pa pattern which met a response of schizophrenic paranoid.The Ma scores were high in 4 patients,indicating a hypomanic response.The Hs and Pt scores of 6 were high,indicating a neurotic response.7 demonstrated high scores in two points of 46/64 and high Pd score,indicating a response of personality disorder.Patients' recoveny was facilitated with proper intervention.Conclusion:There are significant personality disorders in alcohol dependent patients,whose psychological circumstances have deviated drastically compared with healthy individuals and the features varies in a wide extent of patterns.It might be a useful way of facilitation with appropriate interventions for the early recovery of alcohol dependent patients.