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A genome-wide association study of Cloninger's temperament scales: Implications for the evolutionary genetics of personality |
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| Authors: | Karin JH Verweij Brendan P Zietsch Sarah E Medland Scott D Gordon Dale R Nyholt Patrick F Sullivan Pamela AF Madden Grant W Montgomery Naomi R Wray |
| Institution: | a Genetic Epidemiology, Molecular Epidemiology, and Queensland Statistical Genetics Laboratories, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia b School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia c Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA d Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA |
| Abstract: | Variation in personality traits is 30-60% attributed to genetic influences. Attempts to unravel these genetic influences at the molecular level have, so far, been inconclusive. We performed the first genome-wide association study of Cloninger's temperament scales in a sample of 5117 individuals, in order to identify common genetic variants underlying variation in personality. Participants’ scores on Harm Avoidance, Novelty Seeking, Reward Dependence, and Persistence were tested for association with 1,252,387 genetic markers. We also performed gene-based association tests and biological pathway analyses. No genetic variants that significantly contribute to personality variation were identified, while our sample provides over 90% power to detect variants that explain only 1% of the trait variance. This indicates that individual common genetic variants of this size or greater do not contribute to personality trait variation, which has important implications regarding the genetic architecture of personality and the evolutionary mechanisms by which heritable variation is maintained. |
| Keywords: | Genome-wide association Genes Personality Temperament Mutation Selection Maintenance of genetic variation Evolution |
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