骨形态发生蛋白9介导的成骨及其调控研究进展

骨形态发生蛋白（bone morphogenetic proteins,BMPs）属于转化生长因子β（transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β）超家族成员之一,在骨骼发育、骨形成和干细胞分化中起着至关重要的作用。目前研究表明,BMP9具有特殊的蝴蝶样构型的半胱氨酸支架结构;在BMP家族中,BMP9是体内和体外诱导间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs））成骨分化能力最强的蛋白;较传统BMP而言,BMP9具有更特殊的调控因子和更复杂的串扰机制;在修复骨缺损、促进脊柱融合方面,BMP9也显示出良好的骨再生能力。本文就BMP9结构特点、成骨作用、调控机制及其临床应用前景作一综述。

Advances of bone morphogenetic protein 9-mediated osteogenesis and regulation

Bone morphogenetic proteins （BMPs） are members of the transforming growth factor -β （ TGF - β ） superfamily and play a critical role in skeletal development, bone formation and stem cell differentiation. Recent findings suggest that BMP9 has a special configuration of a butterfly-like cysteine scaffold. In the BMP family, BMP9 demonstrates the most potent osteogenic activity in inducing osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells both in vitro and in vivo. Compared with traditional BMPs, BMP9 owns more specific regulatory elements and complex crosstalk mechanisms; it also showed enormous potential in bone regeneration in the experiments of repairing bone defects and promoting spinal fusion. This article reviewed the BMPg＇s structure features, bone formation ability, regulatory mechanisms and its prospects of clinical application.