自制排痰拍治疗老年慢性支气管炎患者的排痰效果及护理方法

目的探讨自制排痰拍治疗老年慢性支气管炎患者的排痰效果及临床护理。方法选取广州市南沙区的家庭老年慢性支气管炎患者136例，由本院护理人员对患者进行排痰拍使用方法的指导和排痰拍的发放。了解患者使用排痰拍护理两周后的疗效和症状缓解情况，比较使用排痰拍护理前后患者的日平均排痰量和血氧饱和度，并动态分析护理前后患者的呼吸频率和血气指标。结果排痰两周后．大部分患者的症状显著缓解．其中以憋喘症状缓解效果最明显（75．00％），患者痰鸣音明显减少，舒适度也显著增加，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。同时，老年慢性支气管炎患者的呼吸频率减慢，血气指标也得到良好控制，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。护理前、护理当天、护理1周15：00和护理2周15：00的呼吸、PaO2和PaCO2有明显差异（F呼吸=5．64，FPaO2=5．82，FPaCO2=4．19，P〈0．05）。老年慢性支气管炎患者的血氧饱和度明显上升，日平均排痰量也显著增加。差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论在老年慢性支气管炎护理中，自制排痰拍可有效缓解患者的症状，增加患者排痰量以保持气道通畅，控制患者的血氧饱和度和血气指标，提高临床治疗效果，是治疗老年慢性支气管炎的重要环节。

Expectoration effect and nursing methods of self-made expectoration bat in treatment of elderly patients with chronic bronchitis

Objective To investigate the expectoration effect and clinical nursing of the self-made expectoration bat in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic bronchitis. Methods Atotal of 136 community elderly patients with chronic bronchitis in Nansha district of Guangzhou were selected. Nursing staffs of our hospital guided the patients on the use of exPectoration bats and gave out expectoration bats. The efficacy and symptom relief situation of the patients after two weeks of expectoration bat nursing were recorded. The daily average expectoration amount and oxygen satura- tion of the patients before and after expectoration bat nursing were compared. The respiratory rates and hemodynamic indicators of the patients before and after nursing were analyzed dynamically. Results After two weeks of expectoration, most patients＇ symptoms relieved significantly, of which the relief effect for asthma symptom was the most obvious （75.00%）, and the patients＇ sputum gurgling reduced significantly and comfort degree increased significantly, with statistically significant differences （P〈0.05）. Meanwhile, the respiratory rate slowed and the hemodynamic indicators were well controlled for the elderly patients with chronic bronchitis, with statistically significant differences （P〈0.05）. The respiration, PaO/and PaCO2 before nursing, on the day of nursing, at 15：00 of nursing day 7 and at 15：00 of nursing day 14 were significantly different（Freapiration=5.64, FpaO2=5.82 and FpaO2=4.19, P〈0.05）. The oxygen saturation elevated significantly and the daily average expectoration amount increased significantly for the elderly patients with chronic bron- chitis, with statistically significant differences（P〈0.05）. Conclusion In the nursing of elderly patients with chronic bronchitis, the self-made expectoration bat can effectively relieve the patients＇ symptoms, increase their expectoration amount in order to maintain airway patency, control their oxygen saturation and hemodynamic indicators, and improve the clinical treatment effects, thus is an important step of treating the elderly patients with chronic bronchitis.