我市2009年1280名中小学生近视状况调查及影响因素分析

目的调查分析中小学生近视的发病情况及影响因素，旨在为近视眼的预防提供参考依据。方法整群随机抽取我市中小学校各1所学校的1280名学生进行调查，共调查小学1-6年级小学生共780名，初一至初三学生共500名。结果调查的1280名中小学生中确诊为近视526名，近视率41．09％。其中轻度近视343名，占65．21％。中度近视115名，占21．86％；高度近视68名，占12．93％。中学生的近视发病率明显多于小学生，且父母均为近视的发病率明显多于父母均非近视的发病率，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。但男生、女生间近视的发病率比较．差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。同时对近视的影响因素进行多因素非条件Logistic回归分析，结果显示，读书时眼与书距离过近、父母均近视、每天做家庭作业的时间过长、看电视和电脑时间过长、缺乏体育锻炼是中小学生近视发病的主要危险因素。结论造成我市中小学生近视的发生的主要影响因素是读书时眼与书距离过近、父母均近视、每天做家庭作业的时间过长、看电视和电脑时间过长、缺乏体育锻炼。

Survey of 1280 cases myopia and influencing factors in 2009

Objective To investigate the impact factor myopia incidence and provide to a reference for myopia prevention. Methods A cluster random sample of all the city＇s primary and secondary schools in 12,80 1 school students to investigate, investigated a total of 1-6 grade of 780 students , the first day to a total of 500 middle school students. Results The survey of 1,280 schoolchildren in 526 diagnosed with myopia, myopia of 41.09%. Mild myopia 343, accounted for 65.21%. Moderate myopia 115 ,accounted for 21.86%; highly myopic 68, accounted for 12.93% . Students of the incidence of myopia was significantly more than students and parents were myopic parents were significantly higher than the incidence of nonincidence of myopia , the difference was significant（P〈0.05）. But between boys and girls compare the incidence of myopia, the difference was not significant （P〉0.05）. While the factors of myopia multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that,when reading the book too close to the eyes and the parents are myopic, doing daily homework time was too long, watching TV and computer time was too long,lack of physical exercise was a major risk factor in the onset of myopia. Conclusion The main factors causing the occurrence of myopia is a city in the eyes when reading the book too dose,parents are myopic,doing daily homework time is too long, watching TV and computer time is too long,lack of physical exercise.