微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗肾结石的临床研究

目的比较微创经皮肾镜取石术与传统开放性手术治疗肾结石的疗效。方法选择2010年1月。2014年1月在我院行微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗的肾结石患者50例，设立为观察组，另外选择同期行传统切开手术治疗的肾结石患者50例，设立为对照组，比较两组：手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、结石取净率。两组患者治疗期间并发症发生情况，包括发热、感染、肾通道裂伤、出血、肾造瘘口漏尿。结果观察组45例患者结石取净，结石取净率90％，明显高于对照组的结石取净率（70％），差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组患者的手术时间、住院时间均明显短于对照组，观察组患者术中出血量明显少于对照组，两组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组术后并发症的发生率达8％，明显低于对照组的并发症发生率（26％），两组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论微创经皮肾镜取石术较传统开放性手术治疗肾结石更具优势，具有手术时间短、出血少、并发症少、创伤小、操作简单等优点．值得推广和应用。

Clinical studies of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treatment of kidney stones

Objective To compare the efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery and compare with traditional open surgery for kidney stones. Methods Patients with kidney stones from January 2010 to January 2014 in our hospital,minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the treatment of 50 cases （observation group）, another choose traditional surgery 50 cases （control group）, the operative time,blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,stone free rate and occurrence of complications during the two groups of patients, including fever, infection, kidney channel laceration, bleeding, kidney stoma leak were compared. Results The stone free rate of observation group was 90%, was significantly higher than control group （70%）（P〈0.05 ）. The the operative time, length of hospital stay of observation group was significantly shorter than the control group, the blood loss of observation group was significantly less than the control group （P〈0.05）. Postoperative complications observed rate of observation group was 8%, was significantly lower than the control group （26%）（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy surgery compare with traditional open surgery for kidney stones have advantages with shorter operative time, less blood loss, fewer complications, less trauma, simple operation, worthy of promotion and application.