流式细胞术检测急性白血病微小残留病的研究进展

近年来，随着新的化疗药物的出现，急性白血病在治疗上取得很大进展，患者的完全缓解率达50％-80％。尽管如此，从诊断开始的3—5年内仍有部分患者复发，目前认为其主要原因与微小残留病（MRD）的存在相关。多参数流式细胞术（FCM）是目前检测MRD的有效方法之一。它通过多参数分析白血病细胞与正常细胞表面不同的免疫表型，将两种细胞区分，具有快速、灵敏度高、定量准确的优点。通过FCM对急性白血病MRD的监测．不仅有助于判断疗效、指导个体化治疗，对预测疾病复发也具有重大意义。本文将对FCM检测急性白血病MRD的优势、面临的挑战、临床意义及应用前景进行综述。

Research Progress on Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leuke- mia Detected by Multiparametric Flow Cytometry-- Review

In recent years, with the advent of new chemotherapeutic agents, the treatment of acute leukemia has made a great progress and its complete remission rate is up to 50% - 80% in patients. However, some patients still relapse in 3 to 5 years after diagnosis. It is believed that the main cause is related to the minimal residual disease （MRD）. At present, multiparametric flow cytometry （MFC） with high sensitivity and accurate quantity is one of the effective methods for detecting MRD. Leukemia cells and normal cells are differentiated by analyzing different immunophenotypes. The monotoring of MRD by MFC can help to assess efficacy of treatment, guide treatment selection and predict recurrence of the disease. This article reviewed advantages, challenges, clinical significance and prospect of MFC in detecting MRD.