某医院2007-2011年上呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性监测

目的探讨株洲市北雅医院上呼吸道感染病原菌分布及其耐药特征。方法应用微生物鉴定系统,结合K-B纸片法对该院上呼吸道标本中的分离菌株进行鉴定和药物敏感性检测。结果 1 754株病原菌中G-杆菌占81.8%,G＋球菌占18.0%;居G-杆菌前5位的分别是铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌和大肠埃希菌。G-杆菌对美洛培南耐药率为2.1%~6.6%,而对其他抗菌药物耐药率为5.0%~90.6%。G＋球菌中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRCNS）分离率分别高达85.1%及79.1%,未分离出对万古霉素耐药率的G＋球菌。结论该院上呼吸道感染病原菌以G-杆菌为主,病原菌耐药十分严重,且常呈多重耐药。

Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Pathogens Isolated from Upper Respiratory Tract in a Hospital from 2007 to 2011

Objective To explore the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from upper respiratory tract infection in Beiya Hospital of Zhuzhou. Methods The identification and antibiotics sensitivity assay for isolates from upper respiratory tract infection patients were carried out by microbiological analyzer combined with K-B assay. Results A total of 1,754 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, gram negative bacilli accounted for 81.8% and gram positive coccus for 18.0%.The top 5 species of pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumonia,Enterobacter cloacae,and Escherichia coli.The antimicrobial resistant rate of gram negative bacilli to meropenem was 2.1%～6.6%,while the resistant rate to other antibiotics was 5.0%～90.6%.The isolation rates of methicillin resistant S.aureus and methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococcus were 85.1% and 79.1%,respectively.No vancomycin-resistant gram positive cocci were isolated. Conclusions The microbial isolates associated with upper respiratory tract infection in the hospital are mainly gram negative bacilli,and most strains are resistant to multiple antibiotics.