服农药自杀未遂者社会心理学和自杀行为的特征

目的 探讨服农药自杀未遂者的社会心理学、自杀行为特征，为制定干预措施提供依据。方法 从山东省疾病预防控制中心监测点上选取6个县(市)作为调查点，自杀未遂病例发生在2009年10月1日至2011年3月31日，共获得409例，按照自杀方式分为服农药组和其他方式组，比较两组的社会心理学、自杀行为特征等。结果 409例自杀未遂病例平均年龄(43.9±13.3)岁；女277例(67.7%)；服农药组344例(84.1%)，其他方式组65例(15.9%)。服农药组女性所占比例低(65.7%)，焦虑、抑郁、绝望量表评分偏低(P<0.05)。服农药自杀未遂者采取自杀行为的隔离性较低(39.0%)。两组自杀意图量表的得分无统计学差异(4.40±2.66 vs 4.97±2.57, t=1.58, P=0.120)。多因素结果显示，与其他方式组相比，服农药组多已婚，无躯体、精神疾病(P<0.05)。结论 服农药自杀未遂者具有特别的社会心理学特征，预防的重点应为规范农药管理和加强教育引导。

Socio-psychological characteristics and suicidal behavior of suicide attempters who ingested pesticides

Objective To find out the socio-psychological characteristics and suicidal behavior of suicide attempters who ingested pesticides and provide some evidences for suicide prevention. Methods Six counties from disease surveillance points of Shandong province, China were selected, and the data of 409 attempted suicides happening from October 1, 2009 to March 31, 2011 were obtained. All subjects were divided into two groups: 344 individuals who ingested pesticides, and 65 who used other methods. Questionnaires of socio-psychological characteristics and Beck suicide intent scale (SIS) were used to obtain information from subjects. Results The average age of all the subjects was (43.9±13.3) years old, and 67.7% of them were female. 344 (84.1%) suicide attempters ingested pesticides, while 65 (15.9%) used other methods. The percent of females (65.7%) and the scores of trait anxiety inventory， center for epidemiologic studies depression scale， and Beck hopelessness scale were lower in the suicide attempters who ingested pesticides than those who used other methods. The suicide attempters who ingested pesticides had significantly lower isolation (39.0%) at the time of committing suicide. There was no significant difference in total score of suicide intent between the two groups (4.40±2.66 vs 4.97±2.57, t=1.58, P=0.120). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that suicide attempters who ingested pesticides were more likely to be married and had less mental disorders and physical illnesses (P<0.05). Conclusion There are significant differences in socio psychological characteristics between suicide attempters who ingested pesticides and those using other methods. Suicide prevention should focus on regulating the pesticides management and strengthening education.