灵芝菌发酵基质的条件优化及菌质活性物质的分析

目的：通过灵芝菌与玉米须、玉米芯的双向固体发酵，形成新的药性菌质，并对其活性成分进行分析。方法：以不同配比的玉米须和玉米芯为基质，以活性物质多糖和三萜的含量为指标考察菌质的最佳培养基配比，分别采用紫外分光光度法、薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法进行定性及定量分析。结果：玉米须和玉米芯以1：0，1：1，1：2，1：3，1：4，1：5，0：1配比，用灵芝菌发酵，形成的菌质多糖含量递增，三萜含量递减；薄层色谱结果显示，与发酵前对比，发酵后色谱斑点由红色转为蓝绿色荧光，并随着玉米须在培养基中比重增加而斑点越明亮；高效液相色谱结果显示，发酵后原有一些物质峰减弱或消失，并生成新的物质。结论：以玉米须-玉米芯1：5作为基质产生的菌质长势及活性成分含量最高，发酵前后菌质的物质组成有明显改变。

Optimial Conditions for Fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum and Analysis of the Active Components of the New Fungal Substance

Objective: Corn silk and cob were fermented by Ganoderma lucidum with two-way pattern solid-state fermentation technique and produced new substance, the active compositions were investigated. Method: The optimal ratio of medium was selected according to the changes of polysaccharides and triterpene after fermented. Qualitative and quantitative analysis were established using UV, TLC and HPLC. Result: Ganoderma lucidum was fermented in the media of corn silk and corn cob at 1:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 0:1 ratio respectively. The content of polysaccharides increased and the content of triterpene decreased in turn. The result of TLC demonstrated that the color of TLC spot changed from red into blue-green fluorescence after fermentation, and the spot became brighter with increasing proportion of corn silk. The result of HPLC exhibited that some peaks of G. lucidum became weak or disappeared, and some new peaks were found. Conclusion: The new medical fungal substance grew best and contained the highest content of active components with the medium containing corn silk-corn cob (1:5), and the composition of the fungal substance changed significantly after fermentation.