医疗器械沾染血迹后的保存方式对清洗效果的影响

目的探讨沾染血迹后的医疗器械安全有效的保存和清洗方法,以确保清洗灭菌质量和控制医院内感染的发生。方法将600把经人工染血的血管钳随机分成湿式保存组和干式保存组,每组分别在人工染血后1 h、2 h、3 h、6 h、12 h时各取出60件,再随机分为机械清洗组(30件)和手工清洗组(30件),经清洗后进行隐血试验,并进行统计分析。结果两种不同清洗方法组在染血后1 h、2 h、3 h的清洗结果比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);手工清洗组在染血后6 h和12 h的清洗结果比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01),机械清洗结果比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);6 h、12 h的干式保存组,机械清洗与手工清洗结果比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01),6 h、12 h的湿式保存组,机械清洗与手工清洗结果比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论湿式保存能有效保证染血器械的清洗质量,机械清洗能更有效地保证清洗质量,只要采用合理的保存方式和清洗方法,都能达到保证器械清洗质量的目的 。

Effects of preservation methods of blood-contaminated medical instruments on cleaning

Objective To discuss the safe and effective way of preservation and cleaning of blood - contaminated medical instruments,so as to secure the quality of cleaning and sterilization and control nosocomial infection. Methods Totally,600 hemostats with artificial blood stains were randomly divided into two groups equally,one preserved dry and another wet. After 1,2,3,6 ,and 12 hours,60 pieces from each group were taken out and randomly divided into the mechanical cleaning group and the hand washing group ,30 in each group. Occult blood test was taken on all the instruments after washing. The test results were collected and analyzed. Results In the hand washing group, there was no statistical difference of cleaning effects in the comparison of instruments washed after 1 ,2 ,3 hours（P 〉0.05） , and were significant differences between 6 and 12 hours（ P 〈 0.01 ）. In the machine washing group, there was no difference in the comparison of instruments washed after 1,2,3,6,12 hours （ P 〉 0.05 ）. In the dry preservation group, there were significant differences of cleaning eftects in 6 or 12 hours between the hand wash group and the machine wash group（P 〈0.01 ） ,while in the wet preservation group,there was no difference in 6 and 12 hours between the two groups with different washing methods（P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Wet preservation can guarantee the cleaning quality of blood - contaminated medical instrument effectively, and machine washing can enhance the quality of instrument cleaning. High cleaning quality of medical instruments can be achieved by adopting proper preservation and washing methods.