旧电器拆解业对职业人群及普通居民的健康影响

目的　探讨旧电器拆解业对职业人群及普通居民健康影响。方法　在以拆解业为主的 F镇选择 6 0名拆解工人为接触组 ,6 0名普通居民为对照组 ,在以种植业为主的 T镇选择 6 0人为对照组 ,同时分别在两镇选择 8～ 14岁儿童30人 ,对所选人群均进行血常规、肝功能 (GPT、GOT、γ- GT和 AKP)、免疫功能 (唾液 SIg A、血清 Ig G、Ig M、Ig A)及外周血淋巴细胞微核检查。结果　两镇人群血常规指标 (血红蛋白、白细胞计数及分类、血小板 )均正常 ,F镇接触组和对照组血小板计数 (P<0 .0 1)和儿童白细胞计数 (P<0 .0 5 )均低于 T镇相应对照组 ;F镇接触组和对照组 AKP活性显著低于T镇对照组但未超过正常范围 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;F镇接触组和对照组唾液 SIg A水平及儿童血清 Ig G水平均显著低于 T镇相应对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;F镇人群平均微核率 (1.77‰ )高于 Z省正常范围 (0～ 1.5‰ )。结论　旧电器拆解业对职业人群、普通居民及儿童部分血常规、肝功能和免疫功能指标及细胞遗传学改变造成影响 ,需加强这些人群的健康监测

Health Effects of Dismantling Waste Electrical Appliances on Occupational Population and Residents

Objective To explore the health effects of dismantling waste electrical appliances on occupational population and residents. Methods 60 workers engaging in dismantling waste electrical appliances were selected as exposure group, 60 residents as F-control group in F town composed mainly by industry of dismantling waste electrical appliances.60 individuals were selected as T-control group in T town composed mainly by agricultural production. 30 children aged 8～ 14 years were selected also in T and F town respectively. The analysis on the blood routine examination ,liver function 〔the activities of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP)〕 ,immune function (the levels of SIgA in saliva ,IgG,IgM and IgA in serum) and micronucleus rate of lymphacytes in peripheral blood were carried out among the selected individuals.Results The parameters of blood routine examination such as hemoglobin,the total count of white blood cells and differential counts,and platelet,were in their normal ranges. The count of platelet in exposure group and F-control group in F town and the count of WBC in children in F town were significantly lower than those in related control groups in T town(P＜0. 01 ,P＜0. 05). Significant lower activities of AKP,which were in the normal range,were observed in exposure group and F-control group in F town compared with those in T town(P＜0. 05). Significant lower levels of SIgA in saliva of population in exposure group and F-control group and lower levels of IgG in serum of children in F town were observed compared with those in related control groups in T town(P＜0. 05). The average micronucleus rate (1.7‰) of population in F town was significantly higher than the normal range(0～1. 5‰) in Z province. Conclusion The industry of dismantling waste electrical appliances had effected some parameters of blood routine examination,liver function,immune function and result in some cytogenetical changes in occupational population and residents, the health surveillance of which should be more strengthened.