SARS前后医院感染的流行病学调查

目的：了解医院感染发病率及其临床流行病学特征，找出控制医院感染的有效措施。方法：对SARS前后13829例住院患者进行医院感染的流行病学调查。结果：医院感染发病率SARS后（3．25％）较SARS前（5．59％）降低（u=6．69，P〈0．01），下呼吸道感染构成比：SARS后（27．31％）较SARS前（38．46％）降低（u=2．83，P〈0．01），真菌感染检出率：SARS后（20．41％）较SARS前（8．5％）升高（u=2．48，P〈0．05），病原菌SARS前后均以G^-杆菌为主，下呼吸道感染是SARS前后主要的感染部位，感染科室SARS前后不同。结论：SARS的发生未使该院医院感染率增高，对医院感染控制重视程度的提高，做好主动预防，采取有效措施，是降低医院感染发病率的关键。

AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS BEFORE AND AFTER SARS

Objective:To know the incidence and features of clinical epidemic disease so as to look for effective measures to control nosocomial infection.Methods:13 829 cases of nosocomial infectious disease before and after SARS were investigated.Results:The rate of nosocomial infection after SARS(3.25%)was lower than that before SARS(5.59%),u=6.69 P<0.01,the constitent ratio of lower respiratory tract infection after SARS(27.31%)was lower than that before SARS(38.46%),u=2.83,P<0.01,the rate of fungi infection after SARS(20.41%)was higher than that before SARS(8.5%),u=2.48,P<0.05.Among the pathogenic bacteria,the Gram-negative bacilli was predominant before and after SARS.Lower respiratory tract was the main infectious site before and after SARS.The departments of infection were different before and after SARS.Conclusions:SARS didn't increase the rate of nosocomial infection in our hospital.The keys to lower the incidence were to realize the importance of controlling nosocomial infection,to prevent it actively and to take effective measures.