赤峰市松山区2006-2012年地方性氟中毒监测结果分析

目的调查赤峰市松山区未实施改水降氟工程区域饮水氟含量与地方性氟中毒病情现状以及正常运转的改水降氟工程饮水氟含量情况,以期为当地制订地方性氟中毒防治策略提供依据。方法于2006-2012年对赤峰市松山区未实施改水降氟工程地区居民饮水含氟量、儿童氟斑牙患病情况和成人氟骨症患病情况以及正常运转的改水降氟工程水氟情况进行调查;其中饮水氟含量检测应用离子选择性电极法,儿童氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法,临床氟骨症诊断采用《地方性氟骨症诊断标准》(WS192-2008)。结果调查未实施改水降氟工程的84个自然村,水氟范围为1.23~4.95mg/L;检查8~12岁儿童2 813人,检出氟斑牙1 146例,氟斑牙率为40.74%,氟斑牙指数为0.91;中度以上氟骨症患病率0.30%;调查的258处正常运转改水降氟工程中水氟达标为168处,合格率为60.00%。结论本次调查显示赤峰市松山区地方性氟中毒病区病情仍然较重,同时40%的改水降氟工程因管理不善、使用年限过长而导致水氟超标或报废,应该加快实施改水降氟工程并进一步建立和完善改水工程可持续性防病机制。

Analysis of surveillance data of endemic fluorosis in Songshan county of Chi Feng City from 2006 to 2012

Objective to investigate the Songshan District of Chifeng City, not the implementation of the present condition in water fluoride concentration in drinking water and endemic fluorosis and normal operation of the water fluoride content of drinking water defluoridation projects, in order to provide the basis for local endemic fluorosis prevention strategies. Methods in 2006-2012 years of Songshan District of Chifeng City, not the implementation of water improvement to reduce fluoride area residents drinking water fluoride, dental fluorosis prevalence of children and adult skeletal fluorosis prevalence and the normal operation of the defluoridation project water fluoride were investigated; the detection of fluoride content in drinking water by ion selective electrode method, the dental fluorosis of children were examined by Dean method. 84 natural villages results without water area, water fluoride concentration range of 1.23~4.95mg/L; examination of 8~12 years old children in 2 813 people, found 1 146 cases of dental fluorosis, dental fluorosis was 40.74%, dental fluorosis index was 0.91; the prevalence rate of osteofluorosis 0.30%; investigation of 266 normal operation of defluoridation Cheng Zhongshui fluoride standard of 172 place, the qualified rate is 59.72%. Conclusion the survey showed that fluoride endemic fluorosis area of Songshan District of Chifeng City, the disease is still serious, and more than 40% of defluoridation projects due to mismanagement, long service life and lead exceed the standard of water fluoride and scrap, should speed up the implementation of defluoridation projects and further establish and improve the water supply project sustainability mechanism.