头孢菌素类抗生素不良反应类型及合理用药对策

目的分析头孢菌素类抗生素不良反应类型及合理用药对策。方法选择2018年12月-2019年12月曲靖市第一人民医院头孢菌素类抗生素引发不良反应的患者68例,回顾性分析不良反应的具体类型、原因及涉及的药物,并据此制定合理用药措施。结果68例患者不良反应类型中,胃肠道反应占比最高为60.29%,其次是变态反应占比为25.00%;不良反应原因中未进行药敏试验占比最高为63.24%,其次是超剂量用药占比为26.47%;头孢曲松引发的不良反应占比最高为33.82%,其次是头孢他啶和头孢唑林,分别占25.00%、23.53%。结论强制性开展药敏试验,强化医务人员业务水平,落实不良反应上报制度,均能减少头孢菌素类抗生素不良反应,保证治疗效果。

Types of adverse reactions of cephalosporin antibiotics and rational use of drugs

Objective To analyze the types of adverse reactions of cephalosporin antibiotics and the rational use of drugs.Methods 68 patients with adverse reactions caused by cephalosporin antibiotics in the First People’s Hospital of Qujing from December 2018 to December 2019 were selected,the specific types,causes and drugs involved in the adverse reactions were retrospectively analyzed,and formulated rational drug use strategies.Results Among 68 patients,gastrointestinal reactions accounted for 60.29%of the adverse reaction types,followed by allergies,accounted for 25.00%;Among the causes of adverse reactions,non-susceptibility testing accounted for the highest proportion of 63.24%,followed by overdose medication,accounted for 26.47%;The highest proportion of adverse reactions caused by ceftriaxone was 33.82%,followed by ceftazidime and cefazolin,which accounted for 25.00%and 23.53%respectively.Conclusion Mandatory conduct of drug susceptibility tests,strengthening of the professional level of medical staff,and implementation of the adverse reaction reporting system,which can reduce the adverse reactions of cephalosporin antibiotics and ensure the treatment effect.