医院感染金黄色葡萄球菌的分型

目的 用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)和药敏试验对医院感染金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)进行分型，并了解其分子流行病学特征。方法 从华西医院2000年4～11月住院患中分离SA，收集临床资料，用PFGE对医院感染株分型，并检测其对12种抗菌药物的体外敏感性。结果 在31例发生医院感染的患中，分离出34株SA。菌株经PFGE分为24型，经药敏试验分为17型。SA感染散布于各病房，在ICU、肿瘤科、神经外科、皮肤科病房有小型传播，其聚集性发生更多见于甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)。SA的PFGE分型与其药敏无对应关系。结论 华西医院2000年4～11月SA医院感染以多克隆散发为主，聚集性发生多见于MRSA。PFGE是一种理想的SA分型方法。

Typing of staphylococcus aureus causing nosocomial infection

Objective The staphylococcus aureus (SA) causing nosocomial infection (NI) was classified by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and antibacterial susceptibility, and to understand the molecular epidemiology character. Methods From April to November in 2000, SA was isolated from inpatients in Huaxi hospital and the clinical information were collected. The NI pathogens were typed by PFGE of genomic DNA and the susceptibility to 12 antibacterial agents were assayed by agar dilution method. Results 34 isolates of SA were collected from 31 inpatients who were infected in hospital, they were classified to 24 and 17 types by PFGE and antibacterial susceptibility, respectively. The NI pathogens scattered in hospital, and some strains, most of which were MRSA (methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus), were endemic in ICU, oncological ward, neurosurgical ward and dermatological ward. There was no correlation between PFGE types and the antibacterial susceptibility. Conclusions The majority of SA causing NI was multiclone sporadic, and the endemic of NI was caused more frequently by MRSA. PFGE was a good typing method for the epidemiology study of NI caused by SA.