铁路职工失眠相关因素及干预对策

目的：探讨铁路职工失眠症状的相关因素及干预对策。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样的方法，抽取302名济南铁路分局铁路职工。对所抽样本进行睡眠行为与睡眠质量评定量表（SBQS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）及一般项目调查表的调查。结果：铁路职工中失眠症状及失眠障碍的现患率分别为27．2％、20．9％，Logistic多元逐步回归分析显示40岁以上年龄组、为司机、经常饮浓茶，SDS、SAS以及过去1个月中值过夜班的被调查者具有较高的罹患失眠症状的危险性，其中SAS总分高于常模标准分以及过去1个月中值1～2周夜班者为独立存在的罹患失眠症状的危险因素。结论：铁路职工失眠症状受多种因素的影响，主管部门应重视职工的睡眠问题，探讨合理的倒班体系，给予必要的心理治疗，改善职工的失眠症状。

Insommnia ,Correlates and Interventions in Railroad Workers

Objective:To investigate the insomnia and its correlates,as well as possible inventions among railroad workers.Methods:A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted among a representative sample of 302 railroad workers who worked within the precinct of Jinan Railroad Branch Bureau.Sleep Behavior and Quality Scale(SBQS),Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and self-designed demographic questionnaires were employed.Results: The prevalence of insomnia symptoms and insomnia disorders was 27.2% and 20.9%,respectively.The logistic multiple regression analysis revealed that the age of over 40,being a train driver,frequently strong tea drinking,higher SDS score,higher SAS score and night work shift during the past month were the predictors of insomnia symptoms,and a higher SAS score that above the norm and worked 1-2 weeks during the past month were two independent risk factors.Conclusions: The insomnia symptoms were associated with multiple factors;the corresponding authorities should pay more attention to these sleep problems in railroad workers,should explore more reasonable working shifts,and should provide adequate interventions to those with insomnia symptoms.