血液透析相关性癫(癎)样发作临床研究

目的:探讨血液透析(血透)相关性癫癎样发作(HAS)的危险因素、临床特点以及防治措施。方法:回顾性分析总结1995年6月至2005年6月534例血透患者中15例有HAS病史的血透患者的临床资料。结果:HAS发病率为2.80%(15/534),发作类型为肌阵挛发作(9例,60.00%)、强直阵挛发作(3例,20.00%)、癫癎持续状态(2例,13.33%)、单纯部分发作(1例,6.67%)。危险因素贫血和促红细胞生成素(EPO)使用存在于14例患者中,其余的因素如高血压、电解质异常、药物使用存在率不高。地西泮治疗有效,复发率低。结论:贫血和EPO使用是HAS发作的危险因素,肌阵挛发作是HAS的主要类型,地西泮治疗有效。

Hemodialysis-Associated Seizure: A Clinical Report

Objective:To investigate the risk factor,clinical feature,prevention and treatment in patients with hemodialysis-associated seizure(HAS).Methods: The clinical data of 15 cases with hemodialysis-associated seizure were retrospectively reviewed.Results: The incidence of HAS was 2.80%(15/534).The patients included 9 cases of myoclonic seizure(60.00%),3 cases of tonic-clonic seizure(20.00%),2 cases of status epilepticus(13.33%),and 1 case of partial seizure(6.67%).14 cases suffered from anemia and accepted EPO therapy.Diazepam well controlled both the seizure and recurrence rate.Conclusion: Anemia and EPO therapy were risk factors of HAS.Myoclonic seizure was major type of HAS.Diazepam could well control the seizure.