下呼吸道不动杆菌感染72例临床分析

目的探讨不动杆菌致下呼吸道感染的临床特点、危险因素和对抗生素的敏感性。方法对72例不动杆菌致下呼吸道感染患者的临床资料、痰细菌培养及药敏结果进行回顾性分析。结果72例中53例（73．6％）为60岁以上患者，69例（95．8％）患有基础疾病，59例（81．9％）为医院感染患者；感染的危险因素是患有各种基础疾病、免疫功能低下、各种侵入性操作、雾化吸人、不合理使用抗生素等；药物敏感试验显示，敏感率大于50％者有亚胺培南、左氧氟沙星、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦及丁胺卡那霉素；治愈38例，好转21例，死亡13例，病死率为18．1％。结论下呼吸道不动杆菌感染，多发生于老年、合并有基础疾病患者，多为医院感染，其耐药率高，预后差；对亚胺培南、左氧氟沙星、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、丁胺卡那霉素等较为敏感。

Clinical analysis of 72 cases with lower respiratory tract acinetobacterial infection

Objective To explore the clinical features,risk factors and the sensitivity to antibiotics of lower respiratory tract acinetobacterial infection.Methods The clinical data,results of sputum bacterial culture and drug sensitivity of the 72 cases with lower respiratory tract acinetobacterial infection were netrospectively reviewed.Results 53 cases(73.6%)were elder than 60 years old,69 cases(95.8%)had basic diseases,and 59 cases(81.9%)were nosocomial infection.Risk factors included basic diseases,lower immune function,all kinds of invasive operations,aerosol inhalation,unreasonable usage of antibiotics.Drug sensitivity test showed that the drugs which sensitive to acinetobacter was upper than 50% included Imipenen,Levofloxacin,Cefooerazone/sulbactum and Amikacin.Conclusion The patients who sufferred from lower respiratory tract acinetobacterial infection usually are elder than 60 years old,and have basic diseases.Most of this kind of infection is nosocomial infection.Because of severe clinical symptom and high drug resistant rate,the prognosis is poor.Reasonable selection of sensitive antibiotics is important.