长期给酒精后大鼠不同脑区氨基酸类递质变化及吡拉西坦的作用

目的·· :观察长期给酒精后大鼠不同脑区氨基酸类递质的变化 ,探讨吡拉西坦的作用。方法·· :以SD大鼠为实验材料 ,连续每天给20%酒精 (10ml·kg-1,ig,每日1次 )6周 ,使其产生酒依赖 ,一组于给酒精第5周 (在继续给酒精的同时 )开始给吡拉西坦 (200mg·kg-1,im,每日2次 ) ,连续1周。采用高效液相色谱电化学检测法分别测定大鼠小脑、大脑皮层、海马和丘脑中的谷氨酸及γ -氨基丁酸含量。结果··:连续给酒精6周后 ,小脑、大脑皮层和海马中的谷氨酸水平均有所降低 ,小脑中的变化显著(P<0.05) ;γ -氨基丁酸水平除小脑中有明显降低(P<0.05)外 ,其余3区无显著性变化 ;谷氨酸与γ -氨基丁酸的比值在海马中显著降低(P<0.01)。吡拉西坦治疗组丘脑的谷氨酸水平明显提高(P<0.05) ,小脑和大脑皮层的γ -氨基丁酸水平明显降低(P<0.01) ,小脑、大脑皮层、海马3脑区中谷氨酸和γ -氨基丁酸的比值显著升高(P<0.01)。结论·· :连续给酒精对大鼠不同脑区谷氨酸和γ -氨基丁酸的含量以及二者的比值均有不同影响 ,吡拉西坦可在不同程度上逆转酒精的作用

CHANGES OF AMINO ACID NEURO-TRANSMITTER LEVELS IN RAT BRAIN INDUCED BY LONG TERM ETHANOL TREATMENT AND FUNCTION OF PIRACETAM

Objective: To investigate the changes of glutamate (Glu) and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) contents in rat brain induced by chronic ethanol treatment and study the protective effects of piracetam. Method: 20% ethanol (10 ml·kg-1·d-1, ig)was administered to rats for 6 weeks and piracetam (200 mg·kg-1, im, twice a day) was given for 1 week starting in the fifth week of ethanol treatment.The contents of Glu and GABA in cerebellum, cerabral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus were detected by HPLC-ECD. Result:In ethanol treated rats,the Glu contents in cerebellum, cerebral cortex and hippocampus decreased, especially significant in cerebellum (P<0.05).There was no significant change in GABA level in the brains of chronic ethanol treated rats except that notable reduction of GABA content was observed in cerebellum. The ratio of Glu and GABA was significantly reduced in thalamus by chronic ethanol treatment (P<0.05). Piracetam treatment significantly increased the Glu levels in thalamus (P<0.05) and decreased the GABA levels in cerebellum and cerebral cortex (P<0.01). Piracetam treatment also increased the Glu/GABA ratio in cerebellum, cerebral cortex and hippocampus significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion: Long-term ethanol treatment could change the levels of Glu and GABA in some brain areas and piracetam may somewhat reverse the effect of ethanol.