8648例健康体检人员颈动脉彩色多普勒超声结果分析

目的 对健康体检人员各年龄段的颈动脉彩色多普勒超声结果进行分析,探讨颈动脉硬化的相关因素.方法 采用彩色多普勒超声对8 648例健康体检人员行双侧颈动脉检查,观察斑块的性质、血管狭窄及闭塞程度,分析颈动脉硬化与年龄、性别、血压、血糖、血脂及吸烟的关系.结果 8648例健康体检人员中,颈动脉内中膜( IMT)增厚、颈动脉斑块、颈动脉狭窄的检出率随年龄增长呈增加趋势,＞30～40岁,＞40～50岁,＞50～60岁,＞60～70岁,＞70～80岁,＞80岁组颈动脉(IMT)增厚分别为6.6％、29.0％、56.7％、80.4％、95.3％和98.9％；颈动脉斑块分别为5.3％、25.7％、49.9％、70.3％、87.5％和94.8％颈动脉狭窄分别为0、0.3％、0.8％、2.1％、5.8％和10.8％(均P＜0.05);在＞30～70岁各年龄组男性检出率明显高于女性(P＜0.05或＜0.01)；单纯高血压、单纯高血糖、单纯高血脂及吸烟者颈动脉硬化的检出率与正常组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);多因素logistic回归分析显示:年龄、高血糖、高血压、高血脂及吸烟是颈动脉硬化的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 健康体检人员颈动脉硬化有较高的检出率；其检出率与性别、年龄、血压、血糖、血脂及吸烟有关.

Analysis of Doppler ultrasonography for carotid of people among 8 648 physical examination

Objective To analyze the results of carotid Doppler ultrasound, discuss the plaque predilection related factors of carotid atherosclerosis among healthy volunteers of all ages. Methods Color Doppler ultrasound of 8 648 healthy volunteers underwent bilateral carotid examination by color Doppler ultrasound. The characters and degree of vascular stenosis were observed. The relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and age, sex, blood pressure,blood lipids,blood sugar, smoking were analyzed. Results Among 8 648 of healthy volunteers,the detection rates increased with ages in carotid intima-media thickness（IMT）, plaques, carotid stenosis in age group, 〉30-40, 〉40- 50,〉50-60,〉60-70,〉70-80,〉80 years old,IMT was 6.6%,29.0%,56.7%,80.4%,95.3% and 98.9% ;carotid plaques were 5.3%,25.7%,49.9%,70.3%,87.55% and 94.8% ;carotid stenosis was 0,0.3%%,0.8%,2.1% ,5.8% and 10.8% ,separately（all P 〈0.05） % and also the detection rate in males was more often than that in females at 〉30- 70 years（ P 〈0.05 or d0.01）. The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in groups of hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia,and smoking were higher than those of health group（ P 〈0.01）. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidermia and smoking were independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis（ P 〈0.05）. Conclusion Detection rate of carotid atherosclerosis was common in healthy volunteers, and it is related to sex, age, hypertension, blood lipids, blood sugar, smoking.