河南省居民吸烟现状调查

目的:了解河南省居民的吸烟状况,为开展针对性的控烟工作提供依据。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,调查河南省15～69岁居民2056人的吸烟情况。结果:河南省居民的吸烟率为21.11%;男性吸烟率为44.49%(420/944),女性为1.26%(14/1112),男性高于女性(χ2=573.034,P<0.001);现在吸烟率为20.09%(413/2056)。不同年龄、职业和收入水平居民的吸烟率差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.672,69.101和54.166,P<0.001)。吸烟者中有25.35%的人尝试过戒烟,戒烟成功率仅为4.84%,而且仅有13.32%的人打算在1a内戒烟。现在吸烟者开始吸烟时的年龄平均为21.92岁(95%CI为21.25～22.58岁),超过83.82%的现在吸烟者开始吸烟时的年龄不到25周岁。男性开始吸烟年龄早于女性(Z=2.219,P=0.027),烟龄长于女性(Z=2.219,P=0.027),但吸烟量差异无统计学意义(Z=1.746,P=0.081)。79.18%的调查对象知晓吸烟危害健康;现在吸烟者、戒烟者和从不吸烟者知晓率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.208,P=0.332)。结论:河南省居民吸烟率仍然较高,控烟工作仍面临巨大的挑战。

Survey on current smoking status among residents in Henan province

Aim:To understand the prevalence of smoking among residents in Henan province,so as to provide reference for effective tobacco control policies.Methods:A total of 2 056 residents aged 15 to 69 years from Henan province were sampled by multi-stage stratified and cluster sampling method.Results:The overall smoking rate was 21.11%,that in the male was 44.49%(420/944),higher than 1.26%(14/1 112) in the female(χ2=573.034,P<0.001).The current smoking rate was 20.09%(413/2 056).The smoking rates of residents with different age,occupation and income were different(χ2=24.672,69.101 and 54.166,P<0.001).25.35% smokers had tried to quit smoking,the smoking cessation rate was only 4.84%,and only 13.32% of smokers intended to quit smoking within one year.The average starting smoking age of current smokers was 21.92 years(95% CI=21.25～22.58 years).More than 83.82% of current smokers began smoking at the age less than 25 years.Compared with the female,the average starting smoking age of the male was earlier(Z=2.219,P=0.027),smoking time was longer(Z=2.219,P=0.027).78.18% residents knew that smoking was bad to health,and the rate had no significant differences among current smokers,quitting smokers and non-smokers(χ2=2.208,P=0.332).Conclusion:The prevalence of smoking in Henan province is still high.The tobacco control in Henan province is still facing a great challenge.