不同类型男性品行障碍青少年的移情缺陷研究

目的 探讨不同类型男性品行障碍青少年的移情缺陷.方法 采用基本移情量表中文版对65名男性品行障碍青少年进行测试,与195名正常对照者进行比较.65名品行障碍患者根据症状表现先后被分为破坏型(n=46)与非破坏型(n=19)、公开型(n=23)与隐蔽型(n=42)等4组进行比较.用t检验、协方差分析、logistic回归分析对数据进行处理.结果 (1)患者组的认知移情分低于对照组(29.86±4.72)分,(32.09 ±4.94)分,(P＜0.01)],差异具有显著性;(2)患者中破坏型组认知移情分低于对照组(29.76±4.46)分,(32.09±4.94)分,(P＜0.01)],差异具有显著性;(3)患者中公开型组和隐蔽型组的认知移情分低于对照组分别为(29.22±3.77)分,(30.21±5.17)分,(32.09±4.94)分,(P＜0.05～0.01)],差异具有显著性;公开型组的情感移情分低于隐蔽型组(26.13±5.05)分,(29.50±4.16)分,(P＜0.05)],差异具有显著性;公开型组的移情总分低于隐蔽型组和对照组分别为(55.35±7.09)分,(59.71±7.58)分,(60.04±8.50)分,(P＜0.05)],差异具有显著性;(4)Logistic回归分析显示认知移情是品行障碍的保护因素(OR=0.43).结论 男性品行障碍青少年存在认知移情缺陷,认知移情可能是品行障碍的保护因素;不同类型品行障碍患者的移情能力具有不同的特征.

Comparison of the empathy deficits for male adolescents with different types of conduct disorder

Objective To explore the empathy deficits of adolescents with different types of conduct disorder. Methods The participants included 65 adolescents ( who met the DSM-Ⅳ criteria for conduct disorder)ranging from 13 ～ 18 in age,and 195 normal adolescents ranging from 13 ～ 18 in age. All participants were assessed by revised Basic Empathy Scale. 65 patients were divided into 4 subgroups according to symptoms: destructive-nondestructive subgroups and overt-covert subgroups. Results (1) Scores of cognitive empathy were lower in patients than normal controls ( (29.86 ± 4.72) vs ( 32.09 ± 4.94), P ＜ 0. 01 ). (2) There were significant differences in the levels of cognitive empathy between patients and controls (P＜0. 01 ). Scores of cognitive empathy were lower in destructive subgroup than controls ( (29.76 ± 4.46) vs ( 32.09 ± 4.94) , P ＜ 0.01 ). (3) There were significant differences in the levels of two dimensions and total scores of empathy between patients and controls (F=3.10 ～5.36, P ＜ 0.05 ). Scores of cognitive empathy were lower in overt subgroup ( 29.22 ± 3.77 ) and covert subgroup (30.21 ± 5.17 ) than controls (32.09 ± 4.94) (P＜ 0.05, P＜0.01 );and scores of affective empathy were lower in overt subgroup than covert subgroup ( (26.13 ±5.05) vs (29.50 ±4.16), P＜0.05 ). Total scores of empathy were lower in overt subgroup (55.35 ±7.09) than covert subgroup (59.71 ±7.58) and controls (60.04 ±8.50 ) (P＜0.05). (4) Logistic regression analysis showed that cognitive empathy was a protective factor for conduct disorders( OR = 0.43 ). Conclusion The cognitive empathy level of patients is significantly lower than normal students;and boys with different types of conduct disorder possess different empathic abilities when compared with healthy controls;and cognitive empathy is a protective factor for conduct disorder.