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The international sinonasal microbiome study: A multicentre,multinational characterization of sinonasal bacterial ecology |
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| Authors: | Sathish Paramasivan Ahmed Bassiouni Arron Shiffer Matthew R Dillon Emily K Cope Clare Cooksley Mahnaz Ramezanpour Sophia Moraitis Mohammad Javed Ali Benjamin Bleier Claudio Callejas Marjolein E Cornet Richard G Douglas Daniel Dutra Christos Georgalas Richard J Harvey Peter H Hwang Amber U Luong Rodney J Schlosser Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn Marc A Tewfik Sarah Vreugde Peter-John Wormald J Gregory Caporaso Alkis J Psaltis |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia;2. Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA;3. Dacryology Service, LV Prasad Institute, Hyderabad, India;4. Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;5. Department of Otolaryngology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile;6. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;7. Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;8. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;9. Department of Otolaryngology, Rhinology and Skull base, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Faculty of Medicine and Health sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia;10. Department of Otolaryngology -Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA;11. Department of Otolaryngology -Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA;12. Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA;13. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand;14. Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
| Abstract: | The sinonasal microbiome remains poorly defined, with our current knowledge based on a few cohort studies whose findings are inconsistent. Furthermore, the variability of the sinus microbiome across geographical divides remains unexplored. We characterize the sinonasal microbiome and its geographical variations in both health and disease using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 410 individuals from across the world. Although the sinus microbial ecology is highly variable between individuals, we identify a core microbiome comprised of Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus and Moraxella species in both healthy and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) cohorts. Corynebacterium (mean relative abundance = 44.02%) and Staphylococcus (mean relative abundance = 27.34%) appear particularly dominant in the majority of patients sampled. Amongst patients suffering from CRS with nasal polyps, a statistically significant reduction in relative abundance of Corynebacterium (40.29% vs 50.43%; P = .02) was identified. Despite some measured differences in microbiome composition and diversity between some of the participating centres in our cohort, these differences would not alter the general pattern of core organisms described. Nevertheless, atypical or unusual organisms reported in short-read amplicon sequencing studies and that are not part of the core microbiome should be interpreted with caution. The delineation of the sinonasal microbiome and standardized methodology described within our study will enable further characterization and translational application of the sinus microbiota. |
| Keywords: | 16S rRNA gene chronic rhinosinusitis microbiome next-generation sequencing sinus |